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NUTRITIONAL STATUS AND DIETARY PATTERN II: PRESCHOOL AGE CHILDREN IN AKINYELE LOCAL GOVERNMENT AREA OYO STATE

Akinsola, A.O.¹, Afonja, T.E.¹ & Gbadegesin, I. A.

¹Department of Home Economics, Federal College of Education (Special), Oyo

Corresponding author: akinsola4gold@gmail.com

Abstract: Healthy food habits have shown to have positive impact in preschool aged school in their formative age years and reduce their likely prone ability to intestinal and other nutritional diseases. The study investigated dietary pattern and nutritional status of preschool aged children in Akinyele Local Government Area, a sub-urban setting in Oyo State compared with FDN reference standards. The study made used of both anthropometric and dietary tests while frequency, mean and simple percentages were used for the analysis of the responses. A structured questionnaire was used to collect data from 246 preschool aged children of the study area. Mean weight, height and BMI of the respondents were determined using standiometer (model number: FM-S120) from aged 1 – 5 years of age plus in the rural, semi-urban and urban areas of the study locations while inferential statistics of t-test at a significant level of p<0.05 was used to test the acceptance or rejection of the study hypotheses. Results obtained shows that parents can positively or otherwise influence their children eating pattern or habits and families in rural areas that have many children often do not take good care of their kids’ nutritionally. The study result shows that 46 % of the respondents do eat their meal with their families/parents while others complement their food intake with their relatives, families’ friends and or at cafeterias/food vendors. The study shows that preschool aged children in the urban area of the study locations had higher weight and height than their correspondent in the rural and semi-urban areas but invariably lower than that of FDN reference standards. BMI results revealed that  age group 1 – 2; 2 – 3; 3 – 4 years of age were within normal weight except aged group 1 – 2 and 2 – 3 years of age in rural areas that are on the borderling of excessive body weight (tissues and fats). Among the aged group 4 – 5 years of age about 40.63 % of them especially in rural area fall below normal weight which mean that they are under weight. The study revealed that locations/environments have effect on healthy eating habits of preschool aged children, hence an adequate healthy eating policy and implementation needs to be put in place for preschool aged children especially in rural and semi-urban areas to prevent malnutrition and intestinal disorder and diseases which can have pronounce effect on their growth.

[Akinsola, A.O., Afonja, T.E. & Gbadegesin, I. A. NUTRITIONAL STATUS AND DIETARY PATTERN II: PRESCHOOL AGE CHILDREN IN AKINYELE LOCAL GOVERNMENT AREA OYO STATE. Nat Sci 2024,22(5):1-11].ISSN1545-0740(print);ISSN2375-7167(online).http://www.sciencepub.net/nature

01. doi:10.7537/marsnsj220524.01.

Keywords: Anthropometric, BMI, intestinal diseases, malnutrition, preschool aged children

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REVIEW ON ANTIBIOTICS RESIDUE LEVELS IN TISSUES OF SLAUGHTERED SMALL RUMINANTS

Nuru Mohammed Mekonnen

Debre Birhan Sheep Multiplication and Breed Improvement Center, P.O. Box 464, Debre Birhan, Ethiopia.

Email: nurum0686@gmail.com

Abstract: The adverse effects of consuming food products containing antibiotic residues range from gastrointestinal disturbances to more serious risks like teratogenicity and allergic reactions. Moreover, the development of antibiotic-resistant pathogens poses a global health threat, affecting both humans and animals. Strict adherence to withdrawal periods and maximum residue limits, along with judicious use of antibiotics under veterinary supervision, is essential for mitigating these risks and safeguarding public health. Additionally, continued research and monitoring are crucial for identifying emerging threats and adjusting regulations as necessary to ensure food safety and prevent antibiotic resistance.

[Nuru Mohammed Mekonnen. Review on Antibiotics Residue Levels in Tissues of Slaughtered Small Ruminants. Nat Sci 2024,22(5):12-20]. ISSN 1545-0740 (print); ISSN 2375-7167 (online). http://www.sciencepub.net/nature 02. doi:10.7537/marsnsj220524.02.

Keywords: Antibiotics, residue, small ruminants

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Assessment of the impact of climate change on public health

(in the Kashkadarya region).

Zukhrakhon Tillyakhodjaeva,  Zulfiya Kuranboeva, Nargiza Khursandova

Hydrometeorology Research Institute, Tashkent, 10052, Uzbekistan,   tilla.79@mail.ru

Abstract: We all know that climate change is one of the global problems today, which is being discussed by all world meteorological organizations. In the last 20-30 years, the consequences of climate change are clearly visible. Climate change is manifested not only in the increase of air temperature on a global scale, increase in precipitation, as well as in the observation of various weather anomalies that are not typical for the climate of a certain region, but also affects agriculture and human health. Currently, one of the important issues is the study of the influence of the population on the weather and the level of sensitivity, in this issue the population has been studied on heart, blood vessels and circulatory system diseases throughout the Republic of Uzbekistan over the past 10 years. According to the results, the population by the territory of Uzbekistan is noted that all  diseases are different among the regions, and their indicators are growing.

[Zukhrakhon Tillyakhodjaeva,  Zulfiya Kuranboeva, Nargiza Khursandova. Assessment of the impact of climate change on public health (in the Kashkadarya region). Nat Sci 2024,22(5):21-25].ISSN1545-0740 (print); ISSN 2375-7167 (online). http://www.sciencepub.net/nature 03. doi:10.7537/marsnsj220524.03.

Keywords: climate change, weather, population, health, air temperature

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QUALITATIVE AND QUANTITATIVE RISK ASSESSMENT OF BLUETONGUE VIRUS THROUGH IMPORT OF IMPROVED BREEDS OF SHEEP FROM SOUTH AFRICA TO ETHIOPIA

Nuru Mohammed Mekonnen

Debre Birhan Sheep Multiplication and Breed Improvement Center, P.O. Box 464, Debre Birhan, Ethiopia.

Email: nurum0686@gmail.com

Abstract: Bluetongue is an infectious, non-contagious disease of ruminants and camelids caused by bluetongue virus and transmitted by culicoides vector. The disease is no specific therapy but prophylactic immunisation and removal (prevention) of vector attacks can be used for control. Improved sheep imported to Ethiopia from restricted areas and certified under regulation carry a non negligible risk of introducing Bluetongue virus to Ethiopia. But failure of laboratory tests through false negative results, variance in interpretation of results between laboratories or human error the probability of virus is high. The presence of potential vector culicoides, favorable climatic condition and susceptible small ruminant population the probability of exposure for bluetongue virus is high. The consequence of bluetongue virus is high, that means direct loss of livestock, walfare implications, bans on export of live ruminants and movement restrictions. At 91% confident the risk of Bluetongue virus is between 5 animals/10,000 and 9 animals/10,000.

[Nuru Mohammed Mekonnen. Qualitative and Quantitative Risk Assessment of Bluetongue Virus through Import of Improved Breeds of Sheep from South Africa to Ethiopia. Nat Sci 2024,22(5):26-32]. ISSN 1545-0740(print); ISSN 2375-7167 (online). http://www.sciencepub.net/nature  04. doi:10.7537/marsnsj220524.04.

Keywords: Bluetongue, Risk, Sheep

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 INDUSTRIAL SPECIALIZATION OF CITIES

(On the example of cities of the Andijan region)

Kasimov Kh.S.

Doctoral Student of National University of Uzbekistan Department of Economic and social geography, National University of Uzbekistan, Tashkent, Uzbekistan

Abstract: In this article, on the example of cities in the Andijan region of the Republic of Uzbekistan, an analysis of the industrial specialization of cities and the possibilities of their development in industrial sectors is carried out. Proposals and recommendations for the development of the specialization of industrial sectors of regional cities are expressed.

[Kasimov Kh.S. INDUSTRIAL SPECIALIZATION OF CITIES (On the example of cities of the Andijan region). Nat Sci 2024,22(5):33-38]. ISSN 1545-0740 (print); ISSN 2375-7167(online). http://www.sciencepub.net/nature 05. doi:10.7537/marsnsj220524.05.

Keywords: specialization, Industry, Industrial Development, Industries, urbanization, Uzbekistan, Andijan region

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