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INTEGRATION OF CLIMATE-SMART AGRICULTURE FOR SUSTAINABLE FOOD SECURITY IN NIGERIA

Dr. C. I. Duruigbo

Department of Crop Science and Technology

Federal University of Technology, Owerri

e-mail: cduruigbo@yahoo.com

ABSTRACT: Nigeria is currently experiencing the negative scourge of Climate Change in terms of massive flooding of arable farmland, erosion, water-logging, unprecedented high temperature, drought, desertification, heavy rains and tropical storms all of which is impacting on its capacity to produce food, livestock and fisheries and the damage to the ecosystem functioning. The adoption of Climate Smart agriculture which involves a sustainable increase in food production, resilience or adaption as well as reduction/removal of green house gases (mitigation) will not only contain the negative impacts of Climate-Change but will also ensure a sustained rapid food security for the ever-increasing population of Nigeria. Government policies aimed at proper training, research and granting of incentives should be given priority now, to rural farmers who are already at risk of loosing millions of naira to the negative impacts of Climate-Change. Given the necessary policy, support, political will to implement such Climate Smart agricultural policies the adoption of Climate Smart-agriculture in Nigeria will be rapid, result-oriented and will boost food, livelihood and environmental sustainability and security respectively.

[Dr. C. I. Duruigbo INTEGRATION OF CLIMATE-SMART AGRICULTURE FOR SUSTAINABLE FOOD SECURITY IN NIGERIA. Nat Sci 2023;21(10):1-3]. ISSN 1545-0740 (print); ISSN 2375-7167 (online). http://www.sciencepub.net/nature. 01. doi:10.7537/marsnsj211023.01.

Key words: Climate-Change, Flooding, Desertification, Erosion, Climate-Smart agriculture, Nigeria.

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Sustaining Africa’s Development Initiative: Challenges and Hopes for Future Prosperity.

Dr. Cyril Ifeanyi, Duruigbo

Department of Crop Science and Technology, Federal University of Technology P.M.B. 1526 Owerri, Nigeria

E-mail: cduruigbo@yahoo.com

ABSTRACT: The African union is a regional economic and political integration framework already put in place to foster economic growth, democracy and technological advancement through the New Partnership for African Development (NEPAD). The challenge is thus for all African leaders to promote good governance, ensure zero-corruption and encourage greater public – private partnership in the development enterprise to boost economic prosperity for posterity.

[Dr. C. I. Duruigbo. Sustaining Africa’s Development Initiative: Challenges and Hopes for Future Prosperity. Nat Sci 2023;21(10):4-7]. ISSN 1545-0740 (print); ISSN 2375-7167 (online). http://www.sciencepub.net/nature. 02. doi:10.7537/marsnsj211023.02.

Keywords: Sustaining; Africa’s Development; Initiative; Challenge; Hope; Future; Prosperity

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Genetical studies on allelopathic activity and yield component in some lines of hybrid rice

Essam  A.  ElShamey

Rice Research & Training Center, Agricultural Research Center, Egypt.

Institute of Food and Agricultural Science, University of Florida, USA.

e-mail address: essamelshamey@ufl.edu

ABSTRACT: Twenty three rice genotypes in line x tester model, comprising, three CMS lines; five testers and fifteen crosses were used; all recommended agricultural practices were applied. This bioassay was used to know the relationship between rice varieties and weeds (barnyardgrass) under two different nitrogen (N) levels in hydroponics. Some crosses had higher percentage for allelopathic activity as follow; IR69625A × Rikuto Norin 22, IR69625A × Giza 179 and IR69625A × HR 195 and their values were 87, 85 and 85 %, respectively. The varieties Rikuto Norin22, Giza 179 and HR 195 exhibited the highest activity against E. crus-galli during two seasons 2014 and 2015. These results showed highly genetic effect for these traits while the environmental effect is not significant. The additive and dominance genetic variances could be important in the inheritance of allelopathic characters. Rice variety Giza 179 showed high allelopathic activity to suppress grow of barnyardgrass at low N level in culture solution. Although rice variety Giza 179 has restoring fertility but it also exhibited high allelopathic activity under field conditions. Barnyardgrass is one of the most weeds in rice cultivation. Low nutrient growth levels also increased allelopathic activity and allelochemicals (momilactone B) concentrations in rice seedlings. As well as, barnyardgrass induced allelochemicals in rice seedlings could be caused by nutrient competition between rice and weeds. Momilactone B secrate and increase in the culture media through growing barnyardgrass and rice together. So we recommended to cultivate the hybrid (IR69625A x Giza 179)  to increase yield and allelopathic activity.

[Essam A. ElShamey. Genetical studies on allelopathic activity and yield component in some lines of hybrid rice. Nat Sci 2023;21(10):8-16]. ISSN 1545-0740 (print); ISSN 2375-7167 (online). http://www.sciencepub.net/nature.  03. doi:10.7537/marsnsj211023.03.

Keywords; allelopathy, allelochemicals, barnyardgrass, and hybrid rice

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Analysis of Transport Economic and Infrastructure Competence of Surkhandarya Region in the Conditions of International Integration of Uzbekistan

Mamatqodir Nazarov¹ Abdulaziz Omonturdiev²

¹Professor (Assistant) at Department of Economic and social geography, National University of Uzbekistan, Tashkent, Uzbekistan.

²PhD student at Department of Economic and social geography National University of Uzbekistan, Tashkent, Uzbekistan.

abdulaziz.turdiyev@mail.ru

Abstract: The article focuses on the place and role of the Surkhandarya region as the southern gate in the context of the integration of the Republic of Uzbekistan into international transport systems. In this, the transport infrastructure potential of its interior regions was analyzed and evaluated at the scale of rural districts. Obstacles to increasing the transport transit potential of the region were identified and conclusions were drawn. In this regard, various mathematical statistical methods were used, as well as map schemes developed using the Arc GIS program.

[Mamatqodir Nazarov，Abdulaziz Omonturdiev. Duruigbo. Analysis of Transport Economic and Infrastructure Competence of Surkhandarya Region in the Conditions of International Integration of Uzbekistan.Nat Sci 2023;21(10):17-24]. ISSN 1545-0740 (print); ISSN 2375-7167 (online). http://www.sciencepub.net/nature. 04. doi:10.7537/marsnsj211023.04.

Key words: transport geography, transport infrastructure, trans-Afghan corridor, density of transport routes, freight transport, passenger transport, transport nodes, international integration, Uzbekistan, Surkhandarya region

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PRECIPITATION AS FLOW-FORMATION FACTOR IN AMUDARYA

Khamzaeva Janat Temirbekovna, Sagdeev Nail Zyavdatovich, Adenbaev Bakhtiyor Embergenovich

Department of Hydrometeorology and Environmental Monitoring, National University of Uzbekistan named after Mirzo Ulugbek, Tashkent, Uzbekistan

E-mail: xamzayeva.j@mail.ru

Abstract: In this article, different precipitation characteristics in three basins where the formation of the Amudarya River flow takes place: namely, the    Surkhandarya River basin, basins of the Tajikistan rivers, basins of the northern part of Afghanistan are considered. Their role as flow-formation factor is investigated. Correlations between precipitation distribution over absolute elevation are derived, average precipitation totals are calculated for precipitation falling on these basins. Correlation between the Amudarya River flow in the Kerki cross-section and the average precipitation totals in the Surkhandarya River basin is derived, and it was used for calculation of the river flow in Kerki. [Khamzaeva Janat Temirbekovna, Sagdeev Nail Zyavdatovich, Adenbaev Bakhtiyor Embergenovich. RECIPITATION AS FLOW-FORMATION FACTOR IN AMUDARYA. Nat Sci 2023;21(10):25-41]. ISSN 1545-0740 (print);  ISSN 2375-7167 (online). http://www.sciencepub.net/nature. 05. doi:10.7537/marsnsj211023.05.

Key words: precipitation, intrannual precipitation distribution, correlation between precipitation distribution over absolute elevation, precipitation trends, anthropogenic impact, natural losses, evaporation, infiltration, flow coefficient

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An Economic Study of the Impact of Climate Change on the Rice Productivity in Egypt

Rasha Saleh Mansour^*1, Aml Mohamed Ameen Hasan¹

¹Agricultural Research Center, Agricultural Economy Research Institute, Giza, Egypt

Abstract: Achieving of the food security is one of the most important economic problems that threaten economic and social development in Egypt, through the imbalance between supply and demand, thus the occurrence of a food gap due to the increase in food demand as a result of the increase in the population growth rate, in addition to the inability to increase agricultural production to meet the increases demand of food. The inability of production to meet the growing needs leads to increases the imports of crops and food commodities, and an increase in the deficit in the Egyptian trade and agricultural balance. The cereal crops are the most important strategic crops for achieving food security and meeting the needs of the population in terms of demand for them. The agricultural production of these crops is affected by climatic changes by negatively affect of agricultural production (CAPMAS). In this paper i examine how the Climate Change affected on the rice productivity in Egypt, with the aim of determining the extent to which productivity has changed due to climate change in Egypt, using the Autoregressive Distributed lagged Model (ARDL), where it was found that there is an inverse relationship between climate changes and the rice productivity. The results indicates that a similar negative impact of the maximum temperature change on the rice productivity in the long term, which is consistent with an economic theory

[Rasha Saleh Mansour, Aml Mohamed Ameen Hasan. An Economic Study of the Impact of Climate Change on the Rice Productivity in Egypt. Nat Sci 2023;21(10):42-51]. ISSN 1545-0740 (print); ISSN 2375-7167 (online). http://www.sciencepub.net/nature. 06. doi:10.7537/marsnsj211023.06.

Keywords: Rice productivity, climate change, max temperature, Autoregressive Distributed lagged Model, Bounds Test, Diagnostic tests

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