No.

Titles / Authors

Full

Text

No.

1

The Issues Of Effective Use Of Recreational - Touristic Resources Of Middle Zarafshan Basin

Badalov Utkir Badal ugli (Researcher)

Khasanov Jasur Yusupjonovich (Scientific researcher)

Samarkand State University (Uzbekistan), badalov-79@list.ru

Annotation: The present article is devoted to the recreational and tourist resources of the Middle Zerafshan basin. Recreational and tourist resources in the basin are most common in mountainous and mountainous areas with favorable climatic conditions, rivers and reservoirs, canals, plains and mineral waters and springs in mountainous areas, karst caves in Chakilkalon, Amonkutan, Karatepa Mountains. The main recreational and tourist resources of the Sarmishsai ravine are the southern slopes of Nurata mountain slopes, which contain beautiful and rocky rock sculptures on the slopes of the Nurata mountain range. The main attention is paid to the development of the tourism and recreational sphere in the Mediterranean Sea, the expansion of recreational and tourism flows, and the effective use of historical, cultural, recreational and recreational facilities.

[Badalov Utkir Badal ugli. The Issues Of Effective Use Of Recreational - Touristic Resources Of Middle Zarafshan Basin. Nat Sci 2020;18(8):1-5]. ISSN 1545-0740 (print); ISSN 2375-7167 (online). http://www.sciencepub.net/nature. 1. doi:10.7537/marsnsj180820.01.

Key words: basin, recreation, touristic resource, travelling, excursion object, recreation tourism, mineral water, recreation object, karst caves, health resorts and sanatoriums

Full Text

1

2

Dietary Intake Assessment and Its Impact on Migraine with Aura and Migraine without Aura

Alyaa N. Abdel-Fattah¹, Thanaa A. Elkholy¹, Ensaf.M.Yassen¹, Nirmeen A. Kishk², and Reham M. Shamloul²

¹Department of Nutrition and Food Science, Faculty of Home Economic, Al-Azhar University, Egypt

²Department of Neurology, Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University, Egypt

Abstract: Background: There are strong evidences indicating that oxidative stress is decisively involved in the pathophysiology of migraine with aura, which indicates the possible role of food in its occurrence. Aim of work: Evaluate of the consumption rate of nutrients between migraine patients and study the difference between nutritional statuses of participants with migraine with aura (MA) versus migraine without aura (MO). Methods: Across-Sectional Analytical study was conducted through face to face interview with the researcher; 124 adult subjects with migraine were recruited from headache clinics in Cairo and Alexandria university hospitals, Reliable Socioeconomic Status Scale in Arabic was used to assess socioeconomic status, Branching Logic Questionnaire in Arabic was used to check aura symptoms according to international headache society criteria, and 24- Hour Recall Questionnaire was used to evaluate the actual daily intake of nutrients. Results: Females were 81.5% of participants with mean age 31 years, 62% of participants had (MA) who were associated with mean daily intake of 1742.9 ml of Water and 32.1 mg of Vitamin-C, represented about 77% and 42% of the reference values of Water and Vitamin-C respectively, which were significantly differ compared by participants with (MO) at (P-values = 0.04 and 0.03 respectively), while, there were no significant differences between (MA) and (MO) in their daily intake of calories, protein, fat, carbohydrate, fiber, sodium, potassium, calcium, magnesium, phosphorous, zinc, copper, iron, vitamin-A, thiamin, riboflavin. Conclusion: Low daily intake of Water and Vitamin-C were associated with (MA) more than (MO), so this must be taken into account during diet planning.

[Alyaa N. Abdel-Fattah, Thanaa A. Elkholy, Ensaf M. Yassen, Nirmeen A. Kishk, and Reham M. Shamloul. Dietary Intake Assessment and Its Impact on Migraine with Aura and Migraine without Aura. Nat Sci 2020;18(8):6-13]. ISSN 1545-0740 (print); ISSN 2375-7167 (online). http://www.sciencepub.net/nature. 2. doi:10.7537/marsnsj180820.02.

Key words: Migraine with aura - Nutrients - Water - Oxidative stress - Vitamin-C.

Full Text

2

3

Response of Various Apple Cultivars against Post Harvest Rottening

Sidra Muqeet*¹, Amer Habib², Muhammad Zeeshan Mansha² and Amina³

¹ Directorate of Pest Warning and Qualty Contol of Pesticides, Punjab

² Department of Plant Pathology, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad

³Horticultural Research Institute, AARI, Faisalabad

*Corresponding author’s Email: sidrarana61@yahoo.com

Abstract: In Pakistan, Apples are grown in Baluchistan, Kashmir and Northern areas. More than a dozen cultivars are grown in Pakistan, a significant amount of apples is lost due to poor postharvest conditions. Apple cultivars, which are popular in apple growing areas, vary in their response to post harvest rottening. Current study was conducted in Seed Health Testing Laboratory, Department of Plant Pathology, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad to screen out apple cultivars against rottening fungi (Penicillum expansum, Botrytis cinerea, Aspergillus niger, Aspergillus flavus), five most important cultivars (Royal gala, Kandhari, Red delicious, Golden delicious and Kulu) were collected from market, and fungi causing rottening were isolated. Healthy fruits collected from the market were inoculated with “Pencillum expansum”, the most common among isolated fungus species. The apple cultivar response against this species ranged from highly resistant to highly susceptible. Royal gala found to be highly resistant and Red gala found to be highly susceptible.

[Sidra Muqeet, Amer Habib, Muhammad Zeeshan Manshaand Amina. Response of Various Apple Cultivars against Post Harvest Rottening. Nat Sci 2020;18(8):14-18]. ISSN 1545-0740 (print); ISSN 2375-7167 (online). http://www.sciencepub.net/nature. 3. doi:10.7537/marsnsj180820.03.

Keywords: Apple, Cultivar, Postharvest, Rottening

Full Text

3

4

Current Trends and Impending Advances in Plant Assisted Remediation of Heavy Metals

¹Aminu S. U., ²Aliko A.A., ¹Sabo A., ¹Magama Y. and ¹Ahmad M.S.

¹Department of Biology, Jigawa State College of Education, P. M. B. 1002, Gumel – Nigeria

²Department of Plant Biology, Bayero University, P.M.B. 3011, Kano - Nigeria.

yasurajringim@gmail.com

Abstract: Heavy metal pollution posed a severe threat to human health which subsequently affects the entire ecosystem. The presence and persistence of those toxic metals in the environment lead to the development of several remediation techniques. Conventional remediation techniques used include physical and chemical methods which are expensive and sometimes demand the expertise of highly trained personnel. Identifying a suitable way to remove heavy metals from the contaminated site is therefore, the dare needs. Among the recently identified safest, most innovative and environmental-friendly techniques for the remediation of heavy metals is phytoremediation. Many researchers explored the use of plants, especially those identified to accumulate high amount of metals. This review highlights the current and future developments in the application of phytoremediation technologies, including the use of molecular genetic engineering to modify various plants traits of interest. Manipulation of these traits could enhance phytoremediation ability of plants such as multiple metal accumulations, increasing biomass and tolerance as well as detoxification and transformation rates. Furthermore, the concerns about the potential transfer of contaminants through the food chains and the proper disposal of the biomass could be address by the process of metal recovery of commercial value called “Phytomining”. Adequate application of profitable phytomining technique may increase acceptability and market value of phytoremediation in the future.

[Aminu S. U., Aliko A.A., Sabo A., Magama Y. and Ahmad M.S. Current Trends and Impending Advances in Plant Assisted Remediation of Heavy Metals. Nat Sci 2020;18(8):19-29]. ISSN 1545-0740 (print); ISSN 2375-7167 (online). http://www.sciencepub.net/nature. 4. doi:10.7537/marsnsj180820.04.

Key word: Phytoremediation, Hyperaccumulation, Pollution, Phytomining

Full Text

4

5

[Nat Sci 2020;18(8):30-36]. ISSN 1545-0740 (print); ISSN 2375-7167 (online). http://www.sciencepub.net/nature. 5.

withdrawn

Full Text

5

6

Review On Molecular Mechanisms Of Prion Pathogenesis

Tedros Fikru ¹, Daniel Workineh ², Dembel Jida³, Eyachew Ayana ⁴, Anteneh Wondimu ⁵

¹ Ministry Of Agriculture Debub Region, Veterinary Medicine and science, Unit of Animal Health Unit, P.O. box. 03, Mendefera, Eritrea; ²Clinician of Veterinary medicine, Teaching of Veterinary Medicine and science, University of Gondar, P.o. box. 196, Gondar, Ethiopia;³ Candidate of Veterinary medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Haramaya University, Haramaya, Ethiopia;⁴ Lecturer at University of Gondar, College of Veterinary Medicine and science, Department of Veterinary Pharmacy, University of Gondar, P.O. box. 196, Gondar, Ethiopia; Professor of Veterinary Medicine at University of Gondar, College of Veterinary Medicine and science, University of Gondar, P.o. box. 196, Gondar, Ethiopia; ⁵ Field Practitioner at University of Gondar Veterinary Clinic, College of Veterinary Medicine and science, University of Gondar, P.o. box. 196, Gondar, Ethiopia

tedifkur65@gmail.com

Abstract: Prions are infectious proteins that cause disease in variable species of animals, including human being. The normal, cellular protein PrP (PrPC) is converted into PrPSc through a post translational process during which it acquires a high β-sheet content which made the protein resistant to degradation by proteinase K due to its PrP 27-30 domain that increase its half-life to >48 hours as compared to that of the normal 3-6 hours, its stay leads to self-propagation and toxicity. The disease pathology is associated with many disturbances mainly in central nervous system which resulted from increased oxidative stress and mitochondrial dysfunction, disturbance of iron metabolism, alteration of calcium metabolism, increases of inflammatory cytokines, chemokine’s and nuclear factor-kappa β activity. The entire process creates a spongy hole inside the nervous system which leads to condition called encephalopathy. The agent cause scrapie in sheep and goats, bovine spongiform encephalopathy (BSE) in cattle (known as mad cow disease), transmissible mink encephalopathy (TME) in mink, chronic wasting disease (CWD) in white tailed deer, elk, mule deer and moose, feline spongiform encephalopathy in cats, exotic ungulate encephalopathy (EUE) in Nyala and Oryx. In humans it causes Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease (CJD) and its varieties, Gerstmann-Sträussler-Scheinker syndrome (GSS), fatal familial insomnia (sFI) and Kuru. Prion diseases have zoonotic and interspecies transmission. Banning Meat bone meal and culling infected animals are recommended.

[Ayalew N, Eyachew A, Dembel J, Mebrie Z, Gashaw E, Anteneh W. Review On Molecular Mechanisms Of Prion Pathogenesis. Nat Sci 2020;18(8):37-44]. ISSN 1545-0740 (print); ISSN 2375-7167 (online). http://www.sciencepub.net/nature. 6. doi:10.7537/marsnsj180820.06.

Key words:-Prions, Nervous system, Spongiform Encephalopathy

Full Text

6

7

Effect of subsurface drip irrigation on water productivity and yield of sugarcane in southwest of Iran

Ali Sheini Dashtegol

Department of irrigation and drainage, Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz, Ahvaz, Iran

alidashtegol99@gmail.com

Abstract: One of the most important limiting factors for sugarcane irrigation in Khuzestan is the high temperature and evaporation in the warm seasons and low quality of irrigation water. Therefore, in order to investigate the effect of 15, 20 and 30 cm depths and 50, 60 and 75 cm distances of subsurface drippers on water productivity and quantitative and qualitative yield of sugarcane CP69- 1062 cultivars, a factorial design in form of randomized complete block design was carried out at the sugarcane Research and training Institute of Khuzestan in South-West of Iran. The ANOVA results showed that there are significant differences between treatments in terms of distances and depths and their interactions. The results of statistical analysis of qualitative traits showed that, in most traits, the experimental treatments had a significant difference in the distance between drippers at 1% probability level. Investigating the water productivity index for sugar cane and sugar production showed that the treatments were meaningful in terms of the distance between drippers at 1% probability level, but in terms of depth and the interactions of distance and depth, there is no significant difference between them. The highest performances were at 50 and 20 cm distance and depth respectively. The highest water productivity was at 60 cm distance and of 15 cm depth of drippers. At 60 cm distance, 20 and 15 cm depth of drippers, the highest water productivity was obtained for sugarcane and produced sugar, which was 7.18 kg/m³ and 387 kg/m³ respectively. In general, according to the results and expert studies, the 20 cm depth of the dripper and 50 cm distance are proposed for drippers. with increasing evaporation in warm days and long irrigation duration, two liters per hour rate of drippers can be suitable.

[Sheini Dashtegol, A. Effect of subsurface drip irrigation on water productivity and yield of sugarcane in southwest of Iran. Nat Sci 2020;18(8):45-55]. ISSN 1545-0740 (print); ISSN 2375-7167 (online). http://www.sciencepub.net/nature. 7. doi:10.7537/marsnsj180820.07.

Keywords: sugarcane; subsurface drip irrigation; pressure controlled emitters; water productivity; quality and quantity Characteristics.

Full Text

7

8

An over view for Thermophysical properties of ATP & PILs

Ijlal Idrees¹ , Javeed Ashraf Awan¹ and Naushad Muhammad²

^1.  Institute of Chemical Engineering and Technology, University of the Punjab Lahore, Pakistan

^2.  Interdisciplinary Research Center in Biomedical Materials, COMSATS Institute of Information Technology, Lahore, Pakistan

Corresponding author email: ijlalidrees2@gmail.com

Abstract: The ionic liquids are liquid salts which have been reported to be as a liquid state compounds at temperatures below then 100°C or at normal room temperature because of poor alignment of their ions. The crystal lattice of ionic liquid is not stable due to the presence of one delocalized charge on one ion and one organic component. The formation of ionic liquid is studied in detail but it is found that pyridinium and methylimidazolium ionic liquids are the most stable ones. To understand their unique qualities, a thermophysical analysis of their mixture and pure form should be made. Due to low availability of data on ionic liquid, the thermophysical analysis is of vital importance. The present review will provide information about detailed properties of ionic liquids.

[Idrees I, Awan JA and Muhammad N. An over view Thermophysical properties of ATP & PILs. Nat Sci 2020;18(8):56-65]. ISSN 1545-0740 (print); ISSN 2375-7167 (online). http://www.sciencepub.net/nature. 8. doi:10.7537/marsnsj180820.08.

Keywords: ionic liquids, ATP, PILs, thermophysical, crystal lattice

Full Text

8

9

Average Molecular Weight Measurements of Some Niger Delta Crude Oil Using Vapor Pressure Osmometry and Gas Chromatography Techniques

*Chukwu U. J., Osiname B. J. and Osu C. I.

Analytical Oilfield Chemistry Unit, Department of Pure and Industrial Chemistry, University of Port Harcourt, Choba, Rivers State Nigeria. Telephone: +2348037268525; E-mail: lydiuche@gmail.com

Abstract: The average molecular weight measurement of some selected crude oil samples around the Niger Delta region using Vapor Pressure Osmometry and Gas Chromatography have been studied. GC fingerprint spectrum for all the samples were equally obtained and revealed that all samples are of different origin. The densities @25^oC and API @15^oC values for the samples were also determined. The sample OGB-1 gave the highest API value of 53.31^o and density of 0.7569 (g/cm³) thus of better quality than the other samples ADN-2, ADN-3, UDL-4, COY-5 with API values 17.79^o, 20.27^o, 26.84^o, 34.56^o respectively. The molecular weight value by VPO technique for all the five samples were comparatively higher than the ones given by GC. Comparing the two techniques, gave a very high correlation with R² value of 0.998. On the premise of density being a function of molecular weight, the two techniques had a measure of congruence. Thus, VPO and GC methods are plausible for molecular weight determination.

[Chukwu UJ, Osiname BJ, Osu CI. Average Molecular Weight Measurements of Some Niger Delta Crude Oil Using Vapor Pressure Osmometry and Gas Chromatography Techniques. Nat Sci 2020;18(8):66-72]. ISSN 1545-0740 (print); ISSN 2375-7167 (online). http://www.sciencepub.net/nature. 9. doi:10.7537/marsnsj180820.09.

Keywords: Molecular weight, Vapor Pressure Osmometry, Gas Chromatography, Crude oil

Full Text

9

10

Assessment of production potential of ratooned crop of sugarcane by using different planting methods

Asad Ur Rehman¹, Arshad Ali¹, Abdur Rehman¹, Faisal Mushtaq¹, Muhammad Junaid Iqbal¹, Danish Alim¹, Muhammad Tariq²

¹Department of Agronomy, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, Pakistan.

²Wheat Research Institute, Ayub Agricultural Research Institute, Faisalabad.

²Cereal and Pulses Section, Agronomic Research Institute, Ayub Agricultural Research Institute, Faisalabad.

^**Corresponding author’s email: arshadali2797@gmail.com

Abstract: The study regarding accessing ratooning ability of sugarcane planted under various planting dimensions which was planted previously in spring 2015 on a loam soil at Agronomic Research Area, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, Pakistan. The experiment was laid out in Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) with three replications. Sugarcane variety HSF-240 was sown in March, 2015, as plant crop on soil which was having 0.041% N, 6.99 ppm P₂O₅, 176 ppm K₂O and 0.59% organic matter. Plant crop was fertilized @ 175, 115 and 115 kg NPK ha^-1. While ratoon crop was fertilized @ 227, 150 and 150 kg NPK ha^-1 that was about 30% higher the plant crop. The whole P, K, and 1/3^rd of N were applied as a basal dose at the time of sprouting, while remaining N was applied in two splits, 1/3^rd at the start of tillering and 1/3^rd before earthing up by side dressing. Earthing up of sugarcane in T₁ was done 90 days after emergence of sprouts. Planted crop of sugarcane was harvested at 24^th of January, 2016 and kept as a ratoon crop. Ratoon crop was harvested manually after maturity on 20^th of January 2017. All agronomic practices were kept normal and uniform for all the treatments under study. The first year crop was grown in120 cm spaced trenches, 90 cm spaced round pits having diameter 90 cm, 60 cm spaced round pits having diameter 90 cm,90 cm spaced square pits having area 90 cm × 90 cm, 60 cm spaced square pits having area 90 cm × 90 cm, 75 cm spaced square pits having area 75 cm × 75 cm and 45 cm spaced square pits having area 75 cm × 75 cm. Planting dimensions and planting geometry factor was significant for parameters like number of millable canes, plant height, cane length, cane diameter, stripped cane weight, tops and trash weights and harvest index. Highest stripped cane yield of sugarcane (102.26 t ha^-1) was noted at 90 cm spaced square pits having area 90 cm × 90 cm. Lowest stripped cane yield of sugarcane (96.15 t ha^-1) was obtained from 45 cm spaced square pits having area 75 cm × 75 cm. Greater stripped-cane yield in 90 cm spaced square pits having area 90 cm × 90 cm was ascribed to more millable canes per square meter, less plant mortality, more cane length, thicker canes and more weight per stripped cane. As regard the quality parameters like brix percentage, sucrose content (%) in cane juice, commercial cane sugar (%), and sugar recovery (%) were not significantly affected by different pit dimensions and planting geometry under ratoon crop. Maximum net return of Rs. 181346 ha^-1 was achieved in ratooned sugarcane grown at 90 cm spaced square pits having area 90 cm × 90 cm as against minimum of Rs. 157517 ha^-1for cane grown in 45 cm spaced square pits having area 75 cm × 75 cm. Similarly the maximum BCR of 1.65 was obtained from ratooned sugarcane grown at 90 cm spaced square pits having area 90 cm × 90 cm, while BCR of 1.57 was produced by the crop at 45 cm spaced square pits having area 75 cm × 75 cm.

[Asad Ur Rehman, Arshad Ali, Abdur Rehman, Faisal Mushtaq, Muhammad Junaid Iqbal, Danish Alim, Muhammad Tariq. Assessment of production potential of ratooned crop of sugarcane by using different planting methods. Nat Sci 2020;18(8):73-85]. ISSN 1545-0740 (print); ISSN 2375-7167 (online). http://www.sciencepub.net/nature. 10. doi:10.7537/marsnsj180820.10.

Key words: Sugarcane, qualitative, quantitative, ratooning potential

Full Text

10

11

Bacterial Biofilm In Veterinary Medicine: Mechanisms And Its Clinical Implications

Umer seid

Oda Bultum University, College of Agriculture

Omerseid76@gmail.com; Tel: +251-913765578

Abstract: Bacteria can exist in natural ecosystem in two forms: (1) free-floating ‘planktonic organisms’ and (2) in biofilms which is recently recognized and the predominant form of microbial growth attached to surfaces. Biofilms are clinically important in both human and veterinary medicine, having the ability to form on both medical devices and living tissue. Biofilm formation is a multistage process that starts with microbial adhesion with a subsequent production of extracellular matrix, involving proliferation, maturation and latter detachment of biofilm. Biofilm associated infections are generally persistent and respond poorly to commonly used antibiotics, disinfectants. Moreover, such types of infections also have the potential to evade the defense mechanisms of the host immune system. Biofilm formation by pathogenic bacteria has deleterious, sometimes fatal consequences, and leads to severe contamination problems in medicine, dentistry, food processing, water treatment and other areas that directly affect human health and life. The inability to treat many bacterial infections like chronic non-healing wounds and mastitis is related to the capacity of bacteria to form a biofilm. Although less research exists about biofilms in animals, they are believed to be involved in many diseases, such as pneumonia, liver abscesses, enteritis, wound infections and mastitis. A greater understanding of bacterial biofilm is required for the development of novel, effective control strategies thus resulting improvement in patient management. Therefore, this review attempts to compile scientific information regarding the mechanisms of the formation of bacterial biofilm with regard to the clinical importance in veterinary medicine and also public health. Emphasis will be given to the areas of diagnosis, prevention and treatment.

[Seid U. Bacterial Biofilm in Veterinary Medicine: Mechanisms and Its Clinical Implications. Nat Sci 2020;18(8):86-101]. ISSN 1545-0740 (print); ISSN 2375-7167 (online). http://www.sciencepub.net/nature. 11. doi:10.7537/marsnsj180820.11.

Key words: Antibiotic, Biofilm, infection, Matrix, Planktonic organisms.

Full Text

11