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Results of Platelets rich plasma injection in the management of chronic planter fasciitis

Kamal A Hafez, Mohammed I. Abulsoud and Mohammed M. Mahdy

Departments of Orthopedic Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt

Email: dr.m.m.mahdy@gmail.com

Abstract: Background: Chronic plantar fasciitis (PF) is the most common cause of foot complaints and, making up 11–15% of the foot symptoms requiring professional care among adults As well, it is a common problem that affects sport participants as well as inactive middle-aged individuals. The diagnosis is based on the typical history and the finding of localized tenderness in the medial calcaneal tubercle. The planter fascia in anatomy is divided into three slip medial central and lateral. The central portion is the thickest and originates at the medial process of the calcaneal tuberosity. It then divides into five slips. These blend into the distal planter aspect of the digits. The medial and lateral portion blend with the central portion as the course becomes more distal. Aim of the work: to assess the safety and clinical results of platelet-rich plasma (PRP) injections for treating chronic plantar fasciitis. Patients & Methods: The study was conducted on 80 patients from December 2017 till October 2018 including chronic plantar fasciitis not responding to conservative treatment presenting to outpatient clinics in Sayed Galal, Alazhar Universitiy Hospital and Maadi Military Hospital (40 patients were injected with PRP while other 40 were injected with normal saline) The mean age of study group was (36 ± 8.43) years old and the average follow-up duration was 6 months. Results: The results of this study using visual analog pain (VAS) scale showed that, the average pre-injection pain in patients (PRP group) was 8(7–9). Prior to injection, after 6 months it decreased to 2 (2 – 3) degrees while (saline group) was 8(7–9). Prior to injection, after 6 months it decreased to 6 (3 – 7) degrees. By using Roles and Mudsley scale it showed that the score in (PRP group) prior to injectionwas1 (1– 1.5), 6 months after injection it increase to 4(3– 4) degrees while in (saline group) it was 1 (1 – 1.5) prior to injection, it increase to 2 (2 – 3) degrees after 6 months of injection Conclusion: There was a significant improvement in pain by using PRP according VAS and Roles and Madusley score. There was no complication reported during follow up of the cases.

[Kamal A Hafez, Mohammed I. Abulsoud and Mohammed M. Mahdy. Results of Platelets rich plasma injection in the management of chronic planter fasciitis. Nat Sci 2019;17(2):1-7]. ISSN 1545-0740 (print); ISSN 2375-7167 (online). http://www.sciencepub.net/nature. 1. doi:10.7537/marsnsj170219.01.

Keywords: Result; Platelet rich plasma; injection; management; chronic; planter; fasciitis

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Rebound Hyperbilirubinemia in Neonates after Phototherapy

Salah Abd Rabo Elsayed¹(MD), Mohamed Abdelsalam Zannoun¹(MD), Hesham Samir Abd Alsamea²(MD) and Mohammed Kamal Ramadan¹

¹Pediatric Department, Faculty of Medicine, Al-Azhar University Damietta, Damietta, Egypt

²Clinical Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Al-Azhar University Damietta, Damietta, Egypt.

Abstract: Hyperbilirubinemia is a common and, in most cases, benign problem in neonates. Jaundice is observed during the 1st week of life in approximately 60% of term infants and 80% of preterm infants. Neonatal hyperbilirubinemia is defined as a total serum bilirubin level above 5 mg per dl (85 μmol per L) is a frequently encountered problem. Jaundice is an important problem in the first week of life. It is a cause of concern for the physician and a source of anxiety for the parents. High bilirubin levels may be toxic to the developing nervous system and may cause neurological impairment even in term newborns. Nearly 60% of term newborns become visibly jaundiced in the first week of life. In most cases it is benign and no intervention is required. Approximately 5-10% of them have clinical significant hyperbiliubinemia mandating the use of phototherapy. Hyperbilirubinemia is either unconjugated (which is potentially toxic but may be physiological or pathological) or conjugated (not toxic but always pathological).

[Salah Abd Rabo Elsayed, Mohamed Abdelsalam Zannoun, Hesham Samir Abd Alsamea and Mohammed Kamal Ramadan. Rebound Hyperbilirubinemia in Neonates after Phototherapy. Nat Sci 2019;17(2):8-25]. ISSN 1545-0740 (print); ISSN 2375-7167 (online). http://www.sciencepub.net/nature. 2. doi:10.7537/marsnsj170219.02.

Keywords: Rebound; Hyperbilirubinemia; Neonates; Phototherapy

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[Nat Sci 2019;17(2):26-38]. ISSN 1545-0740 (print); ISSN 2375-7167 (online). http://www.sciencepub.net/nature. 3. doi:10.7537/marsnsj170219.03.

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Field Evaluation and Serological (DAS-Elisa) Detection of Potato Leaf Roll Virus in Potato Germplasm

Muhammad Muntazir Mehdi Khan^1**, Amer Habib¹, Hina Firdous¹, Zunaira Tahir¹, Khizra Zahid¹, Mirza Waqas Safdar¹, Muhammad Zahid Habib¹, Muhammad Umair Sohail¹, Usama Zaman¹,

¹ Department of Plant Pathology, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad

**Corresponding author’s email: mehdikhanniazi92@gmail.com

Abstract: Potato tuber (Solanum tuberosum L.) is fourth largest staple food in world followed by wheat, rice and maize. In Pakistan, Potato leaf roll virus (PLRV) is one of the most important diseases of potato. It is transmitted by green peach aphid (Myzus persicae) and causes 90% losses. Screening trial of twenty cultivars of potato was established against PLRV. Among twenty cultivars, ten cultivars (SL15-10, FD63-1, FD78-36, Sante, FD74-21, SL5-2, FD76-18, FD61-3, SL15-10, SL14-15) were found resistant, five cultivars (Simply Red, FD35-36, FD73-73, FD78-51, SL13-43) were moderately resistant, one cultivar (FD76-67) was moderately Susceptible, two cultivars (FD71-1, SL9-14) were moderately susceptible and two cultivars (FD77-4, Cardinal) were highly susceptible. Serological test (DAS-ELISA) was performed for the detection of PLRV and detected the virus in three cultivars (SL10, FD63-1, Sante) were found resistant, eleven cultivars (SL5-2, FD76-18, FD61-3, SL15-10, SL14-15, FD78-36, Simply Red, FD35-36, FD73-73, FD78-51, SL13-43 ) were moderately resistant, two cultivars (FD76-67, FD78-51) were moderately susceptible, two (FD71-1, SL9-14) were moderately susceptible and four cultivars (FD71-1, FD77-4, SL9-14, Cardinal) were susceptible.

[Muhammad Muntazir Mehdi Khan, Amer Habib, Hina Firdous, Zunaira Tahir, Khizra Zahid, Mirza Waqas Safdar, Muhammad Zahid Habib, Muhammad Umair Sohail, Usama Zaman. Field Evaluation and Serological (DAS-Elisa) Detection of Potato Leaf Roll Virus in Potato Germplasm. Nat Sci 2019;17(2):39-43]. ISSN 1545-0740 (print); ISSN 2375-7167 (online). http://www.sciencepub.net/nature. 4. doi:10.7537/marsnsj170219.04.

Key words: Potato leaf rolls virus, potato cultivars, ELISA

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Assessment of production potential of ratooned crop of sugarcane by using different planting methods

Asad Ur Rehman¹, Arshad Ali^1**, Abdur Rehman¹, Muhammad Dilawaiz Khan¹, Faisal Mushtaq¹, Muhammad Junaid Iqbal¹, Danish Alim¹, Muhammad Tariq²

¹Department of Agronomy, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, Pakistan.

²Wheat Research Institute, Ayub Agricultural Research Institute, Faisalabad.

²Cereal and Pulses Section, Agronomic Research Institute, Ayub Agricultural Research Institute, Faisalabad.

^**Corresponding author’s email: arshadali2797@gmail.com

Abstract: The study regarding accessing ratooning ability of sugarcane planted under various planting dimensions which was planted previously in spring 2015 on a loam soil at Agronomic Research Area, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, Pakistan. The experiment was laid out in Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) with three replications. Sugarcane variety HSF-240 was sown in March, 2015, as plant crop on soil which was having 0.041% N, 6.99 ppm P₂O₅, 176 ppm K₂O and 0.59% organic matter. Plant crop was fertilized @ 175, 115 and 115 kg NPK ha^-1. While ratoon crop was fertilized @ 227, 150 and 150 kg NPK ha^-1 that was about 30% higher the plant crop. The whole P, K, and 1/3^rd of N were applied as a basal dose at the time of sprouting, while remaining N was applied in two splits, 1/3^rd at the start of tillering and 1/3^rd before earthing up by side dressing. Earthing up of sugarcane in T₁ was done 90 days after emergence of sprouts. Planted crop of sugarcane was harvested at 24^th of January, 2016 and kept as a ratoon crop. Ratoon crop was harvested manually after maturity on 20^th of January 2017. All agronomic practices were kept normal and uniform for all the treatments under study. The first year crop was grown in120 cm spaced trenches, 90 cm spaced round pits having diameter 90 cm, 60 cm spaced round pits having diameter 90 cm,90 cm spaced square pits having area 90 cm × 90 cm, 60 cm spaced square pits having area 90 cm × 90 cm, 75 cm spaced square pits having area 75 cm × 75 cm and 45 cm spaced square pits having area 75 cm × 75 cm. Planting dimensions and planting geometry factor was significant for parameters like number of millable canes, plant height, cane length, cane diameter, stripped cane weight, tops and trash weights and harvest index. Highest stripped cane yield of sugarcane (102.26 t ha^-1) was noted at 90 cm spaced square pits having area 90 cm × 90 cm. Lowest stripped cane yield of sugarcane (96.15 t ha^-1) was obtained from 45 cm spaced square pits having area 75 cm × 75 cm. Greater stripped-cane yield in 90 cm spaced square pits having area 90 cm × 90 cm was ascribed to more millable canes per square meter, less plant mortality, more cane length, thicker canes and more weight per stripped cane. As regard the quality parameters like brix percentage, sucrose content (%) in cane juice, commercial cane sugar (%), and sugar recovery (%) were not significantly affected by different pit dimensions and planting geometry under ratoon crop. Maximum net return of Rs. 181346 ha^-1 was achieved in ratooned sugarcane grown at 90 cm spaced square pits having area 90 cm × 90 cm as against minimum of Rs. 157517 ha^-1for cane grown in 45 cm spaced square pits having area 75 cm × 75 cm. Similarly the maximum BCR of 1.65 was obtained from ratooned sugarcane grown at 90 cm spaced square pits having area 90 cm × 90 cm, while BCR of 1.57 was produced by the crop at 45 cm spaced square pits having area 75 cm × 75 cm.

[Asad Ur Rehman, Arshad Ali, Abdur Rehman, Muhammad Dilawaiz Khan, Faisal Mushtaq, Muhammad Junaid Iqbal, Danish Alim, Muhammad Tariq. Assessment of production potential of ratooned crop of sugarcane by using different planting methods. Nat Sci 2019;17(2):44-55]. ISSN 1545-0740 (print); ISSN 2375-7167 (online). http://www.sciencepub.net/nature. 5. doi:10.7537/marsnsj170219.05.

Key words: Sugarcane, qualitative, quantitative, ratooning potential

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Assessment of tomato genotypes against salinity on the basis of morphological and physiological parameters in hydroponic conditions

Muhammad Ahmad¹, Abbas Shoukat^2*, Maria Anjum³, M. Kamran³, M. Qusain Saeed³, Raza Hussain³, Muhammad Hadi Abbas⁴ and Yousuf shafiq³

¹Center of Agricultural Biochemistry and Biotechnology, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, Pakistan.

²Institute of Soil and Environmental Sciences, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, Pakistan.

³Department of Plant Breeding and Genetics, University of Agriculture Faisalabad

⁴Institute of Horticultural Sciences, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, Pakistan.

*Corresponding author’s email: abbasshoukat3854@gmail.com

Abstract: Salinity stress is the most serious environmental factors which badly effect the crop plants productivity. Salt stress effects various physiological and biochemical processes due to which the growth and development of the crop plants is affected. Salt tolerance genotypes need time to develop potential in crop through conventional and molecular breeding and get the healthy food all over the world. The experiment was compassed hydroponically in shade house where proper air, light and water system was handled. Six genotypes viz CLN- 2498- A, Black Cherry, BL-1176, PBLO- 017902, Nagina, CLN- 1621- L. Two replication of each genotype was used in different water tubs. In order to determine the salt to lerance genotype, application of NaCl was done in hydroponic medium. Three treatments (T0= Controlled, T1=150Mm NaCl, T2= 300Mm NaCl) was used in hydroponic system. For this purpose, Tomato genotypes were transplanted in water tubs each having capacity of 200 liters. Hoagland’s solution was set in distilled water which was used to give nutrient to tomato genotypes. The data was recorded after 90 days of seedling transplantation for plant height, number of nodes, number of flowers, number of fruits, fresh and dry weight of root and shoot, TSS, transpiration, photosynthesis rate, internal CO 2 gas exchange and stomatal conductance. Analysis of variance of all the traits showed significant differences, which revealed that different genotypes showed variations against salinity stress. It was observed that the overall performance of genotype BL- 1176 and CLN- 2498- A was significantly different from all other genotypes and performing good in 300mM NaCl concentrations for the most traits like number of flowers, number of fruits, fruit weight, dry weight of shoot and root. While the overall performance of Nagina, CLN - 1621- L and PB- LO- 017902 were badly affected by salinity stress and showed poor performance against number of fruits, number of flowers, fruit weight and dry weight of root and shoot.

[Muhammad Ahmad, Abbas Shoukat, Maria Anjum, M. Kamran, M. Qusain Saeed, Raza Hussain, Muhammad Hadi Abbas and Yousuf shafiq. Assessment of tomato genotypes against salinity on the basis of morphological and physiological parameters in hydroponic conditions. Nat Sci 2019;17(2):56-70]. ISSN 1545-0740 (print); ISSN 2375-7167 (online). http://www.sciencepub.net/nature. 6. doi:10.7537/marsnsj170219.06.

Key words: salinity, tomato, hydroponic

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Effects of Medicinal Plants Moringa olifera, Calotropis porcera, Citrullus colocynthis as Toxicants against Tribolium Castaneum.

Muhammad Ishtiaq Sarwar, Muhammad Nabeel saleem, Muhammad Umair Gulzar, Muhammad Muneeb Shabbir, Aneeb Ali, Mirza Aizaz Asim, Muhammad Hamza Khaliq and Tamoor Ali

Department of Entomology, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, Pakistan.

*Corresponding author’s email: mianishtiaq67@gmail.com

Abstract: Tribolium castaneum is the most destructive insect pest of stored products. The heavy infestation of this insect pest causes massive damage to cereals both qualitatively and quantitatively. This experiment was conducted to evaluate mortality and repellency effect of Moringa olifera, Calotropis porcera, Citrullus colocynthis against Tribolium castaneum on filter papers. Three different concentrations of extracts of each plant viz. 2.5.%, 5%, 7.5%,10% were taken after different time periods (2,4,6,8 and 10 days) from stock solution prepared. All concentrations of each botanical showed well effectiveness as repellent against Tribolium castaneum (Moringa olifera; 37.07%, Calotropis porcera; 53.33%, and Citrullus colocynthis; 75.06 %). Among these, the better result of repellency was observed in Citrullus colocynthis. Mortality effect was maximum observed in Citrullus colocynthis at 10% concentration after 10 days of interval (89.11%). Other results of Moringa olifera and Calotropis porcera were also significant. These results suggest that the plant extracts evaluated in this study may be useful in repellent and toxicant formulations against T. castaneum.

[Muhammad Ishtiaq Sarwar, Muhammad Nabeel saleem, Muhammad Umair Gulzar, Muhammad Muneeb Shabbir, Aneeb Ali, Mirza Aizaz Asim, Muhammad Hamza Khaliq and Tamoor Ali. Effects of Medicinal Plants Moringa olifera, Calotropis porcera, Citrullus colocynthis as Toxicants against Tribolium Castaneum. Nat Sci 2019;17(2):71-76]. ISSN 1545-0740 (print); ISSN 2375-7167 (online). http://www.sciencepub.net/nature. 7. doi:10.7537/marsnsj170219.07.

Key words: medicinal plants, repellant, toxicant

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PCR detection assays for the ochratoxin-producing Aspergillus westerdijkiae in Ras Cheese (Roomy)

Ashraf A. Abd El- Tawab¹; Eman M. El-Diasty²; Fatma I. El-Hofy¹; Saadany A. Abd El-khalik³

¹Bacteriology, Immunology and Mycology Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Benha University, Egypt

² Mycology Department, Animal Health Research Institute Dokki, Giza, Egypt

³Animal Health Research, Tanta Branch, Egypt

mohammedebrahim3988@gmail.com

Abstract: A total of 60 samples of Roomy, Gouda and Edam cheeses samples which were consumed by different classes of consumers were collected randomly from supermarkets and groceries at Gharbia Governorate, Egypt for analyzing them for mycological examination. The lowest incidence of fungal was in Edam cheese (70%), but Ras cheese was the highest incidence of fungal (100%). The classification position of obtained fungal isolates were classified in 5 mould genera and 9 species. We conclude that the predominant isolated genera were Aspergillus spp. with prevalence of 24 (44.2%), 14 (56.0%) and 12 (52.2%) followed by Penicillium spp. 12(27.9%), 8 (32.0%) and 9 (39.1%), Cladosporium spp. 3(7.0%), 1 (4.0%) and 2 (8.7%), for Ras cheese, Gouda cheese and Edam cheese samples, respectively. While Eurotium spp. 3 (7.0%) and 2 (8.0%) detected in Ras cheese and Gouda cheese, respectively. Fusarium spp.1 (2.3%) detected only from Ras cheese. The results revealed that 4 out of 7 examined A. ochraceus strains were produced ochratoxin A (OTA), the minimum was 8 ppb and the maximum was 60 ppb, with a mean value of 3.0 x 10 ± 1.5 x10 ppb. In this study, two PCR specific primer pairs, AoLC35-12L and AoOTAL of the ochratoxin regulatory gene were used, four PCR products were positive on agarose gel electrophoresis. PCR products of one strain (identified as A.ochraceus), Sequencing of PCR product of the tested strain (A.ochraceus) revealed complete genome alignment, AoOTA-L and AoLc35-12L region sequences in strain of A. westerdijkiae isolate (Genbank accession number: MH395755) was established.

[Ashraf A. Abd El- Tawab; Eman M. El-Diasty; Fatma I. El-Hofy; Saadany A. Abd El-khalik. PCR detection assays for the ochratoxin-producing Aspergillus westerdijkiae in Ras Cheese (Roomy). Nat Sci 2019;17(2):77-84]. ISSN 1545-0740 (print); ISSN 2375-7167 (online). http://www.sciencepub.net/nature. 8. doi:10.7537/marsnsj170219.08.

Key word: Ras Cheese, ochratoxin A, A. westerdijkiae, PCR

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Detection of Some Virulence and Resistance Genes of S. aureus and B. cereus Isolated from Some Meat Products

Ashraf A. Abd El Tawab¹, FatmaI. El-Hofy¹,² Khalid I. El-Ekhnawy² and Heba E. El-Shora³

¹Bacteriology, Immunology and Mycology Department Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Benha University, Egypt.

²Animal Health Research Institute, Doki, Egypt.

³Animal Health Research Institute, Tanta Branch, Egypt.

mohammedebrahim3988@gmail.com

Abstract: A total one hundred forty (140) random samples of minced meat, sausage, chicken breast and chicken liver (35 for each) obtained from retail outlets were screened bacteriologically for the occurrence of S. aureus and B.cereus. A total of 14/140 (10%) isolates of S. aureus and 16/140 (11.42%) isolates of B. cereus were recovered. The isolated S. aureus were highly resistant for erythromycin (90%) followed by amoxicillin-clavulanic, cefotaxime and doxycycline (60% for each), gentamicin and vancomycin (50% for each) and ciprofloxacin (30%). Meanwhile, B. cereus were highly resistant for amoxicillin-clavulanic and cefotaxime (100% for each) followed by ciprofloxacin, erythromycin and vancomycin (80% for each) and gentamicin (20%). Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) was applied on S.aureus to detect staphylococcalenterotoxins (sea, seb, sec, sed, see) none of tested isolates harbored these genes and resistance genes blaZ, mecA and vanA which were detected by a percentage (100%, 100%, 0%) respectively. Meanwhile, B.cereus were screened for detection of toxin genes hbl, nhe and ces which were detected by a percentage (20%, 100%, 0%) respectively. While resistance genes tet A, bla and ermA were detected by a percentage (100%, 100%, 0%) respectively. In conclusion, The results suggest that meat and poultry products represent threat to public health through transmission of enterotoxigenic and antibiotic resistant S.aureus and B.cereus.

[Ashraf A. Abd El Tawab, Fatma I. El-Hofy, Khalid I. El-Ekhnawy and Heba E. El-Shora. Detection of Some Virulence and Resistance Genes of S. aureus and B. cereus Isolated from Some Meat Products. Nat Sci 2019;17(2):85-91]. ISSN 1545-0740 (print); ISSN 2375-7167 (online). http://www.sciencepub.net/nature. 9. doi:10.7537/marsnsj170219.09.

Keywords: B.cereus, S. aureus, staphylococcal enterotoxins, sausage

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Ameliorative effect of Moringa oleifera on oxidative stress in male albino rat brain promoted by aluminium exposure

M. A. M. Hegazi* and I. A. K. Elebshany

Department of Zoology, Faculty of Science, Tanta University, Tanta, Egypt.

hegazimam@science.tanta.edu.eg

Abstract: This study evaluates the effect of Moringa oleifera leaf extract on oxidative stress after chronic exposure to aluminium (aluminium chloride, AlCl₃) on brain in male albino rats. Male rats (250.0±10.0 g) were separated into five groups of ten animals each. Group 1 served as control, group 2 supplemented with AlCl₃ dose 50 mg/Kg/day, group 3 supplemented with M. oleifera at dose of (300 mg/Kg/day), group 4 supplemented with AlCl₃ for 4 weeks then M. oleifera for 4 weeks and group 5 supplemented with AlCl₃ and M. oleifera for 8 weeks. The results showed significant changes in brain parameters. Supplementation of M. oleifera as antioxidant improves the activity of the enzymes superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), Glutathione-S-transferase (GST), glutathione peroxidase (GPx), monoamine oxidase (MAO) and acetylcholinesterase (AChE), and decrease in the activity of the enzymes xanthine oxidase (XO), and creatine phosphokinase (CPK) and malondialdehyde (MDA) level in aluminium treated groups. The results point to that M. oleifera is a potent antioxidant has ameliorative effect against changes in antioxidant enzymes and oxidative stress biomarker in rat brain.

[M. A. M. Hegazi and I. A. K. Elebshany. Ameliorative effect of Moringa oleifera on oxidative stress in male albino rat brain promoted by aluminium exposure. Nat Sci 2019;17(2):92-100]. ISSN 1545-0740 (print); ISSN 2375-7167 (online). http://www.sciencepub.net/nature. 10. doi:10.7537/marsnsj170219.10.

Keywords: Moringa oleifera, Antioxidant enzymes, Oxidative stress biomarker, Brain, Aluminium.

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Oral Misoprostol Versus Oxytocin for Induction of Labor in Premature Rupture of Membranes at Term

Hesham Mosaad, Lamiaa Yousri, Faiza Abd Elhakam and Zeinab Rady

Obstetrics and Gynecology Department, Faculty of Medicine for Girls, Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt.

mohammedrabei_2010@yahoo.com

Abstract: Background: Premature rupture of membranes is one of the most common complications of pregnant women. Induction of labor is important to reduce the risk of maternal infection (chorioamnionitis). Objective: This study aims to compare the effect of oral misoprostol versus intravenous oxytocin drip in the induction of labour in premature rupture of membranes at term. Methods: 60 pregnant women with (PROM) requiring labour induction were divided randomly into three groups from Dec.2016 to Dec.2018 One group received the Titrated oral misoprostol solution 20 ml (1μg/ml, 20μg total) every hourly until adequate contractions were achieved. Another group received Oxytocin IV infusion with the maximum dosing rate of 20 milliunits/min. The third group is a group control which not received misoprostol nor oxytocin. Results: This study showed that oral misoprostol was not only as successful as oxytocin for labor induction in women presenting with PROM at term but also has arole in cervical ripening which reduce the duration of labor. Conclusion: Titrated oral misoprostol solution is as efficacious as IV oxytocin infusion for labour augmentation. It is safe, inexpensive and easy to use. Induction to-delivery interval is very much reduced with the use of titrated oral misoprostol solution and the incidence of caesarean sections is comparable to the IV oxytocin group.

[Hesham Mosaad, Lamiaa Yousri, Faiza Abd Elhakam and Zeinab Rady. Oral Misoprostol Versus Oxytocin for Induction of Labor in Premature Rupture of Membranes at Term. Nat Sci 2019;17(2):101-106]. ISSN 1545-0740 (print); ISSN 2375-7167 (online). http://www.sciencepub.net/nature. 11. doi:10.7537/marsnsj170219.11.

Key words: Labour induction, Titrated oral misoprostol, Oxytocin

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Discriminative Ability of Estimated Serum Levels of YKL-40 and Adiponectin for the Presence of Endometrial Carcinoma

Sameh Saied MD ^1,2

¹ Obstetrics & Gynecology, Department, Faculty of Medicine, Al-Azhar University, Egypt

² In Association with Clinical Pathology Department, Al-Salam Hospital, Yemen

Drsameh40@yahoo.com

Abstract: Objectives: To estimate serum YKL-40, leptin and adiponectin (APN) levels in women had gynecological pathologies and to evaluate its predictability for the presence of endometrial carcinoma (EC). Patients & Methods: Forty-one uterine myoma (UM) patients, 21 EC patients and 13 endometriosis (EM) patients were diagnosed after complete clinical, endoscopic and radiological examination. Fifteen age- and body mass index matched women free of malignancy and other morbidities were included as control group for the results of laboratory investigations. Patients and controls gave fasting venous blood samples for ELYSA estimation of APN, leptin and YKL-40 serum levels. Patients received the appropriate therapy according to the final diagnosis. Results: Serum YKL-40 and leptin levels were significantly higher while serum APN levels were significantly lower in patients compared to controls. Serum YKL-40 and leptin levels were significantly higher and serum APN levels were significantly lower in EC patients than in UM and EM patients. Serum YKL-40 levels were significantly higher; while serum leptin levels were non-significantly higher and serum APN levels were non-significantly lower in EM patients compared to UM patients. Regression analysis defined high serum YKL-40, low serum APN and high serum leptin as differentiating predictor for EC, while only high serum YKL-40 as significant predictor for EM. Conclusion: Disturbed serum adipo-cytokines showed significant relationship with the development or progression of gynecological pathologies. Elevated serum YKL-40 could be used for discrimination of EC and EM patients. Lower serum APN levels could be used as a significant predictor for presence of EC, so a diagnostic panel of estimation of serum YKL-40 and APN could define EC patients.

[Sameh Saied. Discriminative Ability of Estimated Serum Levels of YKL-40 and Adiponectin for the Presence of Endometrial Carcinoma. Nat Sci 2019;17(2):107-114]. ISSN 1545-0740 (print); ISSN 2375-7167 (online). http://www.sciencepub.net/nature. 12. doi:10.7537/marsnsj170219.12.

Keywords: Endometrial carcinoma, Endometriosis, YKL-40, Adiponectin, Leptin

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Preparation and characterization of nano organic soil conditioners and it's effected on sandy soil properties and wheat productivity

Hanaa, A. Zein El-Abdeen¹ and Khaled, Y. Farroh²

¹Soil, Water and Environ. Res. Inst., Agric. Res. Center (ARC), Giza, Egypt

²Nanotechnology & Advanced Materials Central Lab. (NAMCL). Agric. Res. Center (ARC), Giza, Egypt

hanaazeinelabdeen@yahoo.com

Abstract: Development of technologies that improve food productivity without any adverse impact on the ecosystem is the need of hour. In this context, development of controlled delivery systems for slow and sustained release of agrochemicals or soil conditioners crucial. So, the major advantages of chitosan include its ability to function as a protective reservoir for the active ingredients, protecting the ingredients from the surrounding environment while they are in the chitosan domain, and then controlling their release, in the sandy soil systems'. Also, productivity and study chitosan nanoparticle either alone or in composite with humic acid as soil conditioners were taken in consideration. Production of the chitosan nanoparticle (CS NPs) and chitosan-humic acid nanocomposite (CS-HA nanocomposite) were carried out and using X-ray diffractometer (XRD), Dynamic Light Scattering (DLS) Analysis and transmission electron microscope (TEM) for characterization. Obtained results concluded that the X-ray diffract gram of CS NPs and CS-HA nanocomposite shows a broad peak at around 2=28° where the structure of nanochitosan after crosslinking with tripolyphosphate it shows a decrease in crystallinity of chitosan while CS-HA NPs shows the less intense peak and less crystalline entity. Nanoparticles prepared by gelation method showed a mean size of 20.5 and 37.3 nm as well as mean positive charge of 42 and 22.5 mV for CS NPs and CS-HA nanocomposite respectively, when analyzed by Malvern zeta–sizer. Also, TEM micrograph of the CS NPs and CS-HA nanocomposite showed that the CS nanoparticles have nearly spherical shape, smooth surface and size range of about 17 nm and the cross-linking between chitosan and humic acid was about 36 nm. To study these materials as soil conditioners, a field experiment was carried out during the two successive winter seasons of 2016/2017 and 2017/2018 at the experimental station of the Agriculture research center in Ismailia region (Ismailia Governorate), Egypt cultivated with wheat (Triticum aestivum L., cv Giza 168). The treatments were arranged in a split plot design with three replicates. The main plot included five treatments, control (recommended NPK), humic acid (HA), chitosan (CS)), chitosan nano particles (CS NPs) and chitosan- humic nanocomposite (CS-HA nanocomposte) while the sub-plot areas included their concentrations (C₁, C₂ and C₃) according to type of soil conditioners. In general, results show that mean values of the soil treated with CTS-HA nano composite at concentration C₃ was enhanced their total porosity (TP) and moisture content which represented in field capacity (FC), wilting point (WP) and available water (AW). An opposite trend was obtained with soil bulk density where it decreased with increased treatment concentrations in all treatments applied as compared to control. Furthermore, the applied of nano organic soil conditioners were decreased soil reaction (pH) as compared to control and such decreased was proportional to treatment concentrations. On the other hand, both Electrical conductivity (EC) and organic matter (OM) were increased significantly with all treatments and concentrations applied as compared to control. The maximum increased was obtained with CS-HA nano composite as compared to other normal forms of organic soil conditioners. The same trend was observed with available N and P content in soil. In addition, results revealed that all mean values of wheat growth parameters (biological yield, grain, straw and 1000 grain) were generally increased significantly in all treatments applied as compared to control. The magnitude increases in yield production was observed with nano chitosan-humic composite more than unique application of chitosan and humic acid. Such increase reach to (38.1% and 37.9%) for yield, (52.8% and 78.7%) for grain, (20 % and 26.7%) for straw and (62.9% and 59.1%) for 1000 grain in two successive seasons, respectively. Also, mean values of growth parameters were increased by increasing application rates. Finally, from above mention results we can be concluded that the usage of nano organic soil conditioners were more effective than other normal forms which led to improved soil physical and chemical properties along with wheat productivity.

[Hanaa, A. Zein El-Abdeen and Khaled, Y. Farro. Preparation and characterization of nano organic soil conditioners and it's effected on sandy soil properties and wheat productivity. Nat Sci 2019;17(2):115-128]. ISSN 1545-0740 (print); ISSN 2375-7167 (online). http://www.sciencepub.net/nature. 13. doi:10.7537/marsnsj170219.13.

Key wards: Characterization; XRD; DLS; TEM, organic soil conditioners, chitosan, humic acid, nano composite, sandy soil, wheat plant.

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