No.

Titles / Authors

Full

Text

No.

1

Dietary Electrolyte Balance (dEB) Status of Commercial Poultry Feeds Sold in the Hot Humid Tropical Environment of Owerri, Southeastern Nigeria

Unamba-Oparah Ihemdirim Chukwuma¹, Nwaiwu Ebuka Franklin¹, Unamba-Oparah Chioma³, Achonwa Chukwuma Christian¹, Nwogu Chinwe Mary², Okoli Ifeanyi Charles ¹

^1. Department of Animal Science and Technology, Federal University of Technology, PMB 1526 Owerri, Imo State, Nigeria

^2. Department of Animal Production and Health Technology, Imo State Polytechnic, Umuagwo, Imo State, Nigeria

^3. Department of Veterinary Surgery and Theriogenology, Michael Okpara University of Agriculture, Umudike, Abia State, Nigeria

ihemsu01@yahoo.com

Abstract: Dietary Electrolyte balance (dEB) reflects the potential of feed to promote homeostasis, support optimal production levels and ameliorate stress due to production indices. This study was conducted to ascertain the status and uniformity of dietary Electrolyte balance (dEB) in commercial poultry feed brands in Owerri, Imo state, Nigeria. The purpose of the experiment was to assess the level of uniformity in the required dietary electrolytes and if the balance for the three major electrolytes were satisfied in the different commercial formulations. By extension, this will reflect the ‘substitutionability’ of the different brands in the diet at the different phases of a production cycle. Samples of broiler starter, grower, finisher and layer diets from six (6) different commercial feed brands were analysed in the laboratory for the three major dietary electrolytes - sodium (Na⁺), potassium (K⁺) and chloride (Cl^-) (measured in mini-equivalents/kg), and compared. The dEB for each formulation was calculated by subtracting the anions from the cations. The results showed that for all the commercial feed formulations, the Na⁺, K⁺, and Cl^- balance was significantly different (p<0.05) across the six brands and indeed widely varied. This is a pointer to the fact that the constituted diets for the different brands of feed studied were not only widely varied in their potential to support normal homeostasis and optimal metabolic activity, but are also varied in their potential to meet set performance objectives. The results confirm the need to exercise caution in the field when substituting one brand for one another during a production cycle. It also opens up the option of electrolyte supplementation via feed and drinking water and perhaps highlights the need for standardization of commercial feed formulations.

[Unamba-Oparah Ihemdirim Chukwuma, Nwaiwu Ebuka Franklin, Unamba-Oparah Chioma, Achonwa Chukwuma Christian, Nwogu Chinwe Mary, Okoli Ifeanyi Charles. Dietary Electrolyte Balance (dEB) Status of Commercial Poultry Feeds Sold in the Hot Humid Tropical Environment of Owerri, Southeastern Nigeria. Nat Sci 2017;15(3):1-7]. ISSN 1545-0740 (print); ISSN 2375-7167 (online). http://www.sciencepub.net/nature. 1. doi:10.7537/marsnsj150317.01.

Key words: Dietary electrolyte balance, Potassium, Sodium, Chlorine, commercial brands

Full Text

1

2

Impact of Obesity on Pregnancy and Labor

Yehia Abd- Elsalam Wafa, Abd-Elrahman Mustafa Anbar and Mohamed Ahmed Abd-Elaziz Adm

Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology Faculty of Medicine, Al-Azhar University, Egypt.

drmohamedabdelaziz.57@gmail.com

Abstract: Background: Obesity has become an epidemic throughout the world. Worldwide, obesity rates have doubled in the last 30 years, with rates also increasing among pregnant women (World Health Organization, 2011). Objective: The aim of the present study was to determine the impact of obesity on pregnancy in antepartum and intrapartum care, maternal morbidity and mortality, obstetrical anaesthesia, and perinatal morbidity and mortality and effect of obesity on neonate outcome. Material and Methods: This prospective study was conducted at Bab El-Sharea University Hospital outpatient and in-patient unit who attended the ante natal care and paper word room between January 2015 and December 2015. 80 women participated in the study. The patients were classified into two groups: Group I: study group on 40 cases. Group II: control group on40case. Patients in the study group were nulliparous women who attending ante natal care clinic with body mass index >35. Results: A total of 80 women participated in the study, whose age ranged between 20-40 years75%of our cases were under 30 years old and 25% were over 30 years old. Gestational hypertension 40 % of obese 15% of normal weight group. Gestational diabetes mellitus was 27.5% of obese 15% of the normal weight group. The macrosomic babies 25% in obese and 10.0% in normal group. IUGR in obese group (15%) and (5%) in the normal weight group. Cesarean section in obese women 57.5% compared to normal weight 25%. wound infection in obese 12.5%compared to normal weight 5%. IUFD5% in obese compared to 0% of normal. Conclusion: The primary objective in the management of obesity during pregnancy was prevention. Having obese women lose weight with lifestyle changes and achieve a normal BMI before conception were the ideal goal, but realistically it was quite difficult to achieve.

[Yehia Abd- Elsalam Wafa, Abd-Elrahman Mustafa Anbar and Mohamed Ahmed Abd-Elaziz Adm. Impact of Obesity on Pregnancy and Labor. Nat Sci 2017;15(3):8-11]. ISSN 1545-0740 (print); ISSN 2375-7167 (online). http://www.sciencepub.net/nature. 2. doi:10.7537/marsnsj150317.02.

Key words: Obesity, Antepartum, Intrapartum.

Full Text

2

3

Kinetic of dissolution of hydroxyapatite crystals in the presence of extracts of some medical plants

N.S. Yehia, F.A. Issa and S.G. Kashcoush

Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Menufia University, Shebin El Kom, Egypt.

dr_naemasalem@yahoo.com

Abstract: The mechanism of dissolution of hydroxyapatite (HAP) crystals was studied using constant composition techniques. HAP seeds were prepared and analyzed using XRD, FTIR, SEM, SSA and chemical composition which confirmed the HAP structure and ca/p =1.66. The dissolution of HAP crystals seeds was studied at =0.6, I=0.15 mol dm^-3 (using NaCl electrolyte), pH=7.4, t=37⁰C and 51mg of crystal seeds. It was found that the dissolution process of HAP crystals was followed surface-controlled mechanism (n2). The low value of Ea=2.5kJ/mole and independence of dissolution rates on the fluid dynamics supported the suggestion of surface- mechanism. The effect of aqueous extracts of Hibiscus (Hb), Barely (Br), Ammi visnaga (kh) and Niggilla sativa (N.S) on the dissolution process of HAP crystals at the experimental conditions was studied. It was found that concentrations as low as 10^-7 mol dm^-3 decreased the dissolution rates of HAP crystals. The order of inhibition was Hb>Br>Kh>N.S. The additive adsorbed on the active sites on HAP crystal surface blocking them, reducing their numbers and decreased the dissolution rates of HAP crystal seeds. The validity of application of Langmuir-isotherm supported the surface mechanism and formation of mono molecular layer on the HAP crystal surface. The values of Kl in case of the presence of Hb, Br, Kh, and N.S were: 3.27, 3.10, 2.50 and 2.35×10⁷ in case of the presence of Hb, Br, Kh and N.S respectively. The effect of change of pH, I, s and t on dissolution rates of HAP crystals in the presence of 10^-7 mol dm^-3 of N.S was studied. Increasing the values of pH or the values of ionic strength of the medium reduced the inhibitory effect of additive. The order in the presence of N.S was n2, Ea=3.06KJ/mol and Concentration of 7×10^-7 mol dm^-3 of it, complete adsorption of N.S ions on the HAP crystals surface was found, which supported the surface- mechanism.

[N.S. Yehia, F.A. Issa and S.G. Kashcoush. Kinetic of dissolution of hydroxyapatite crystals in the presence of extracts of some medical plants. Nat Sci 2017;15(3):12-31]. ISSN 1545-0740 (print); ISSN 2375-7167 (online). http://www.sciencepub.net/nature. 3. doi:10.7537/marsnsj150317.03.

Keywords: Calcium phosphate, Dissolution, Adsorption, additives, active sites, Inhibitors, affinity constant

Full Text

3

4

Review on Economic Impacts of Dystocia in Dairy Farm and Its Management and Prevention Methods

Abriham Kebede^*, Abdella Mohammed, Waktola Tadessse, Dereje Abera

School of Veterinary Medicine, College of Medical and Health Science, Wollega University, P.O. Box, 395, Nekemte, Ethiopia

Contact address:  E-mail: abrahamkebede2016@gmail.com, Mobile phone no=+251-917-095-077

Abstract: Reproductive problems occur frequently in dairy cows and can dramatically affect reproductive efficiency in a dairy cows. Among the most common reproductive disorders that have direct impact on reproductive performance of dairy cows is dystocia that can result impaired reproductive function. Dystocia come from the Greek words "dys" meaning "difficult, painful, disordered, and abnormal" and "tokos" meaning "birth." Dystocia is defined as difficulty or prolongation of parturition as opposed to normal parturition. Calving difficulty causes trauma for both cows and their offspring, and can lead to increased rates of uterine infections, per parturient disorders such as retained placenta, metritis, longer calving intervals, lower milk production, and reduced health of cows and survival of newborn calves. Calves that survive the trauma of a difficult birth (dystocia) have higher mortality and morbidity in the neonatal period. Some evidence also exists that dystocia could have long-term effects on the performance of dairy heifer calves, in addition to higher mortality and morbidity. Most frequent causes for difficult calving are calf’s birth weight and sex of calf, age, body weight, condition and parity of cow, breeder and environmental factors. The diagnosis of dystocia is based on the history and physical examination. Dystocia can be managed through: manual assistance, fetotomy and cesarean section. It is prevented through: Management of Breeding Heifers and Cows, Selection of Easy Calving Sire and Induction of Parturition. Generally, dystocia is reproductive problem that affects production and reproduction. Therefore managemental practices should be appropriately applied in dairy farm.

[Abriham Kebede, Abdella Mohammed, Waktola Tadessse, Dereje Abera. Review on Economic Impacts of Dystocia in Dairy Farm and Its Management and Prevention Methods. Nat Sci 2017;15(3):32-42]. ISSN 1545-0740 (print); ISSN 2375-7167 (online). http://www.sciencepub.net/nature. 4. doi:10.7537/marsnsj150317.04.

Key words: dairy cow, dystocia, Parturition and Reproductive problems

Full Text

4

5

Morphological features of three nymphal instars of Companulotes bidentatus compar (Phthiraptera: Ischnocera ) infesting blue rock pigeon, Columba livia

Anil Kumar¹ and Aftab Ahmad²

^1. Department of Zoology, B. S.A. College, Mathura U.P. India

^2. Department of Zoology, Govt. Raza P.G. College, Rampur U.P. India

draftab.lifescience@rediffmail.com

Abstract: Three nymphal instars of red C.b. compar differ from each other not only size, abdominal segmentation, chitinization but also in the number of setae occurring on head, thorax and abdomen. First instar carries only one marginal temporal setae which are two is second instar. Second instars bear only one long marginal setae on lateral margin of metanotum while third instars bear two such setae. First instar lacks abdominal segmentation, which is slightly marked in second instar and distinct in third instar.

[Anil Kumar and Aftab Ahmad. Morphological features of three nymphal instars of Companulotes bidentatus compar (Phthiraptera: Ischnocera ) infesting blue rock pigeon, Columba livia. Nat Sci 2017;15(3):43-47]. ISSN 1545-0740 (print); ISSN 2375-7167 (online). http://www.sciencepub.net/nature. 5. doi:10.7537/marsnsj150317.05.

Key Words: Chaetotaxy, Companulotes bidentatus compare: Ischnocera: Lice: Phthiraptera

Full Text

5

6

Relationship between Suggestions System and Cognitive Empowerment Dimensions at Najafabad Health Network

Mohsen Nasiri¹, Bahram Delgoshaei², Ph.D., Amir Ashkan Nasiripour³, Ph.D.

^1. MSc in Health Services Management, Islamic Azad University, Tehran Medical Branch, Iran

^2. Assistant Professor in Health Services Management, Islamic Azad University, Tehran Medical Branch, Iran

^3. Department of Health Services Management, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Iran

ssbahar456@gmail.com

Abstract: Introduction: Wealth of every institution is rooted in its employees, knowledge, It’s skills and motivations. Qualitative role of human force in improving and increasing performance, motivation, quality development, better function, satisfaction with job, improvement, creativity and generally organizational growth and flourish is quite obvious. In this regard, surveying and analyzing empowerment method for human force considering current needs and situation of the country and identifying organizations’ level of prosperity in this way is of great concern. Conducting researches on empowering human force surely will lead to better leadership of programs and cost reduction. It’s necessary to perform a research in aiming the assessment of the relationship between suggestions system and cognitive empowerment dimensions because of lack of a suitable participative management at Najafabad Health network. Methodology: This research was conducted as descriptive- surveying research and in application point of view it is an interval study. The population under study were all managers and organizational specialists on Najaf Abad County Health network, totally 72 persons. Spritzer Empowerment Questionnaire was used for data gathering. Questionnaires were filled in person while first they were handed over to study group then gather after they were filled in. data in this research resulted from questionnaire were qualitative data which converted to quantitative data using Likret scoring method. Finally the data analaysed with Chi-Square, Mann-Whitney U, Kruskal-Wallis tests and program Spss. Results: Results confirmed relationship between suggestions systems with cognitive dimension of empowerment between a managers and specialists in Najaf Abad County Health network. Relation of suggestions systems cognitive dimensions of empowerment in five dimensions of sense of decency, sense usefulness, sense meaningfulness of job, sense freedom in job and with sense of effectiveness. Such relationship is considered a significant relationship (Pvalue<0.05). Results of study in the field of comparing relationship of suggestions system with cognitive dimensions of empowerment in managers and specialists based of the sex, years of service, and their educational degree did not reveal a significant difference (Pvalue >0.05). Conclusion: Having a proper suggestion system as a way for personnel empowerment is an effective aid to realize and improve cognitive empowerment of managers and specialists of NajafAbad county health network.

[Mohsen Nasiri, Bahram Delgoshaei, Amir Ashkan Nasiripour. Relationship between Suggestions System and Cognitive Empowerment Dimensions at Najafabad Health Network. Nat Sci 2017;15(3):48-54]. ISSN 1545-0740 (print); ISSN 2375-7167 (online). http://www.sciencepub.net/nature. 6. doi:10.7537/marsnsj150317.06.

Keywords: Empowerment, Suggestions System, Health network

Full Text

6

7

Evaluation of excision and midline repair of sacrococcygeal pilonidal sinus

Ahmed El Kholy (MD), Mustafa Salama (MD) and Mohammed Ali

Department of General Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Al-Azhar University, Egypt

Zooka_star@yahoo.com

Abstract: Background: Pilonidal sinus is a considered a common disabling condition of young adults. Observed most commonly in people aged 15-30 years, with a 3:1 male-to-female ratio, it occurs after puberty, when sex hormones are known to affect the pilosebaceous gland and change healthy body hair growth. Objectives: evaluation of excision with primary midline closure of sacro-coccygeal Pilonidal sinus disease in terms of assessment disease recurrence and patient discomfort. Patient and Methods: Male or female patients with 1st or recurrent Pilonidal sinusin the period between January and April 2016. Operations were done in Defense Industries Medical Center. All patients were admitted in the morning on the day of the surgery. They were all counseled and fully informed in the outpatient clinic and before the operation about the nature of the procedure and complications. The cases ranged from simple chronic midline sinuses to long branched ones. The mean age of the patients was 33.45 (range 17–33). All patients were followed up in the outpatient clinic 6 months after the operation. Results: In 40 patients, post-operative complications were as follow: Infection occurred in 4 patients (10%). No hematoma occurred. Healing by secondary intention occurred in 2 patients (5%). Recurrence within 6months occurred in 4 patients (10%) six months post-operatively. 20% of 1ry pilonidal cases developed recurrence, while 40% of recurrent pilonidal cases developed recurrence. All patients developed recurrence already had proceeded by infection. Wound dehiscence developed after the removal of sutures in 2 patient (5%). These 2 patients were obese & diabetic. These factors delay wound healing, elongate duration of drainage and favor infection & recurrence. Conclusion: Alternative operative techniques for pilonidal sinus repair creating a lateral wound or the various skin flap procedures may be promising alternatives.

[Ahmed El Kholy, Mustafa Salama and Mohammed Ali. Evaluation of excision and midline repair of sacrococcygeal pilonidal sinus. Nat Sci 2017;15(3):55-59]. ISSN 1545-0740 (print); ISSN 2375-7167 (online). http://www.sciencepub.net/nature. 7. doi:10.7537/marsnsj150317.07.

Keywords: Evaluation; excision; midline; repair; sacrococcygeal; pilonidal; sinus

Full Text

7

8

Transvaginal Ultrasonographic Cervicometry as a Predictor for Successful Labor Induction

Mohamed Samir Fouad, Ismail Mohamed Abdelazeem Mera, Mohamed M. Elkholy, Mohamed E. Hamour and Abou-Elwafa ZakariaIbrahim

Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine, Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt.

abouelwafa_naser@yahoo.com

Abstract: Background: Induction of labour refers to the process of initiation of uterine contractions by medical or surgical means before the onset of spontaneous labour. Bishop score, transvaginal ultrasound, and both together have been used for prediction of labour induction. Objective: This study was undertaken to assess the value and accuracy of pre-induction transvaginal ultrasonographic cervicometery in the prediction of successful labor induction. Patients and Methods: 60 pregnant women admitted to Al Hussein University Hospital with gestational age ranged from 37-42 weeks with a medical indication for labor induction. For cervical measurement, the patients were evaluated by transvaginal ultrasonography and Bishops score. Also, obstetric transabdominal Doppler device was used for assessing fetal heart rate, as well as the amniotic fluid index, and placenta as well as other measurements for the evaluation of fetal vitality. Labor was induced with misoprostol tablets and Oxytocin. Results: The TVUS parameters showed no significant difference with the Bishop score. Also, there was no significant correlation between the Bishop Score and TVUS parameters, however there was significantly negative correlation between the cervical length and the Bishop score. The higher cervical diameter and short cervical width were significantly associated with CS delivery. The combination of TVUS parameters and Bishop Score showed the highest sensitivity (83 & 80%) that was superior to cervical width, cervical length and cervical diameter separately. Conclusion: Although there are controversial results on the effects of cervical length and Bishop Score on induction to delivery interval and successful induction, transvaginal cervical measurement is a more objective method. Also, the combination of TVUS showed the best significant predictive value for successful induction.

[Mohamed Samir Fouad, Ismail Mohamed Abdelazeem Mera, M. M. Elkholy, M. Hamour, Abou-Elwafa Ibrahim. Transvaginal Ultrasonographic Cervicometry as a Predictor for Successful Labor Induction. Nat Sci 2017;15(3):60-66]. ISSN 1545-0740 (print); ISSN 2375-7167 (online). http://www.sciencepub.net/nature. 8. doi:10.7537/marsnsj150317.08.

Keyword: TVUS, Bishop Score, Vaginal Delivery, CS, Labour Induction.

Full Text

8

9

Value of 3D echocardiography in diagnosis of complex congenital heart disease patients before and after surgical intervention

Mohamed Hesham Hassan Ezzat¹, Kamal Ahmed Marghany¹, Hassan El-Sawy² and Nasser Mahmoud El-Serafy³

¹Cardiology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt.

²Pediatric Surgery Department, National Heart Institute, Cairo, Egypt.

³ Cardiology Department, National Heart Institute, Cairo, Egypt.

kamalfthalbab@gmail.com

Abstract: Background: Three dimensional echocardiography imaging represents a major innovation in cardiovascular ultrasound. Advancements in computer and transducer technologies permit real time 3D echocardiography acquisition and presentation of cardiac structures from any spatial point of view. Treatment of congenital heart defects, whether by surgical or intervention means, demands an understanding of the cardiac lesions to plan the optimal approach. The use of live 3D echocardiography in congenital heart disease was discussed in several studies with documented role in assessment of septal defects, valvular lesions. However, its use in complex congenital malformations had been tested in few studies without the elaboration of a protocol or a specific technique to study such complex malformation.

[Mohamed Hesham Hassan Ezzat, Kamal Ahmed Marghany, Hassan El-Sawy and Nasser Mahmoud El-Serafy. Value of 3D echocardiography in diagnosis of complex congenital heart disease patients before and after surgical intervention. Nat Sci 2017;15(3):67-75]. ISSN 1545-0740 (print); ISSN 2375-7167 (online). http://www.sciencepub.net/nature. 9. doi:10.7537/marsnsj150317.09.

Key words:3D echocardiography, congenital heart disease, 2D echocardiography, surgical intervention.

Full Text

9

10

Fundamental Judgment Flaws in Management Decisions and Drug Approval and Evaluation at the US FDA Over the Past Five Years: An Expert Opinion

David Gortler

Department of Clinical Research and Biotechnology, George Washington School of Medicine, Washington DC, 20008

dg298@georgetown.edu

Abstract: The United States (US) Food and Drug Administration (FDA) has an inherent mission of protecting the American food and drug supply. Part of protecting its drug supply involves protecting consumers from taking drugs which are ineffective or unsafe, according it its evaluation process. The FDA has made some approval and regulatory decisions in the recent past which have been questioned by many, including outside experts, advocacy groups and even the lay press. As a pharmacology expert who has worked in drug development for the past 20 years, including having worked for the FDA, this article presents a list of controversial management and drug approval decisions worthy of further discussion, consideration and debate.

[Gortler D. Fundamental Judgment Flaws in Management Decisions and Drug Approval and Evaluation at the US FDA Over the Past Five Years: An Expert Opinion. Nat Sci 2017;15(3):76-78]. ISSN 1545-0740 (print); ISSN 2375-7167 (online). http://www.sciencepub.net/nature. 10. doi:10.7537/marsnsj150317.10.

Keywords: FDA; Drug Development; Pharmacology; US Food and Drug Administration

Full Text

10

11

The role of three-dimensional power Doppler ultrasound in diagnosis of abnormally invasive placenta

Waleed Ahmad Ayad¹, Samia Mohamad Eid¹, Mahmoud Salah Radi¹, Elsayed M. Abd El-Hamid Hassan²; Sayed Mohamad Ibrahim Ismaeil¹

¹Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine, Al-Azhar University, Egypt

²Radiodiagnosis Departments, Faculty of Medicine, Al-Azhar University, Egypt

drsayedesmail@gmail.com

Abstract: Background: The diagnosis of morbidly adherent placenta involves a number of different ultrasound variables, some qualitative and others that have been quantified. Aim of the work: to investigate whether ultrasound marker of largest area of confluent three-dimensional power Doppler signal (Acon) can accurately predict both the presence and severity of abnormally invasive placenta. Patients and methods: Fifty pregnant women were included (25 suspected of placental invasion (study group) and 25 not suspected of placental invasion (control group)). All patients included in the study were subjected to careful history taking, clinical and obstetrical examination and ultrasound examination (Gray-scale ultrasound, Three-dimensional power Doppler ultrasound). A series of 2D slices was used to establish the 3D volume. The presence and severity of abnormally invasive placentation were assessed at delivery according to clinical grading system. Results: There was statistically significant increase of loss of reteroplacental clear zone, intraplacental lacunae, disruption of uterine bladder serosal interface and small myometrial thickness in study when compared to control groups. Area of confluence (Acon), there was statistically significant increase in study when compared to control group (46.16±12.68 vs 29.72±8.94 respectively). There was positive correlation between Acon with age, parity and severity of placental invasion, and inverse correlation with Apgar score at first minute. Acon had a good predictive power (area under the curve was 0.995); and at cutoff value of 31.5; the sensitivity was 100.0% and specificity was 99.5%. Conclusion: The marker Acon provides a quantitative measure for diagnosis of abnormally invasive placenta and can be used in assessment of the condition severity. However, it is not recommended to use it as a sole diagnostic tool for placental invasion until it is validated in future large scale studies.

[Waleed Ahmad Ayad, Samia Mohamad Eid, Mahmoud Salah Radi, Elsayed M. Abd El-Hamid Hassan; Sayed Mohamad Ibrahim Ismaeil. The role of three-dimensional power Doppler ultrasound in diagnosis of abnormally invasive placenta. Nat Sci 2017;15(3):79-86]. ISSN 1545-0740 (print); ISSN 2375-7167 (online). http://www.sciencepub.net/nature. 11. doi:10.7537/marsnsj150317.11.

Keywords: placenta, accreta, ultrasound, power Doppler, three-dimensional, area of confluence

Full Text

11

12

Effect of Intrathecal Dexmedetomidine versus Intrathecal Magnesium Sulfate used as Adjuvants to Bupivacaine in Patients Undergoing Lower Abdominal Surgeries

Anwar M. Alhasanin, Sameh H. seyam and Mamdouh A. Alsaghier

Department of anesthesia & ICU., Faculty of Medicine Al-Azhar Univ. Cairo, Egypt

mamdouhalsaghier@yahoo.com

Abstract: This prospective randomized double blind study was conducted to evaluate the onset and duration of sensory and motor block as well as perioperative analgesia and side effects of dexmedetomidine and magnesium sulfate given intrathecally with 0.5% hyperbaric bubivacaine for spinal anesthesia. A total 90 patients classified as ASA I and II scheduled for lower abdominal surgeries were randomly allocated to receive intrathecally either 15 mg hyperbaric bubivacaine plus 10 μg dexmedtomidine (group D) or 15 mg hyperbaric bupivacaine plus 50 mg magnesium sulfate (group M) or 15 mg hyperbaric bupivacaine plus 0.1 ml saline (group C). The onset time to reach peak sensory and motor level, the regression time for sensory and motor block, hemodynamic changes and side effects were recorded. It was found that the onset of anesthesia was rapid and prolonged duration in D group. However, in M group, although onset of block was delayed, the duration was significantly prolonged as compared with C group.

[Anwar M. Alhasanin, Sameh H. seyam and Mamdouh A. Alsaghier. Effect of Intrathecal Dexmedetomidine versus Intrathecal Magnesium Sulfate used as Adjuvants to Bupivacaine in Patients Undergoing Lower Abdominal Surgeries. Nat Sci 2017;15(3):87-91]. ISSN 1545-0740 (print); ISSN 2375-7167 (online). http://www.sciencepub.net/nature. 12. doi:10.7537/marsnsj150317.12.

Keywords: Bupivacaine, dexmedetomidine, magnesium sulfate

Full Text

12

13

Evaluation of iron status in children with first febrile seizures

Afreen Mohamed khalefa MD¹, Reyadh Atef Algendi MD¹, Kamel Soliman Hammad MD², Ahmed Helal Elsayed MD¹, Khaled Bahgat Kotb Ibrahim M.Sc¹

¹ Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Al-Azhar University, Egypt

² Departments of Clinical Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Al-Azhar University, Egypt

dr_khaledbahgat@yahoo.com

Abstract: Background: Febrile seizure is the most common convulsive disorder in children which strikes 2% to 5% of children between 3 to 60 months of age, the etiology of febrile seizures is not clear. Different factors have been considered including familial (genetic) factors, prenatal factors, present acute illness, the highest degree of fever and finally, anemia. Iron deficiency anemia, as the most common type of anemia during infancy and childhood, occurs usually between 9- 24 months of age and this period coincides with the peak incidence of febrile seizures. Because of the controversies regarding the positive or negative effect of iron on the occurrence of febrile seizures, we decided to study Evaluation of iron status in children with first febrile seizure aged 24 month to 5 year. Aim of the work: The main objective is to evaluate iron status in children with first febrile convulsion. Results: the present study is a case control study that was conducted kafr-elshikh fever hospitals on 50 children with a febrile convulsions as a case group and 50 children with a cut febrile illness but without convulsions as a control group. there were significant difference between patients and control group regarding RBCs count, Hb, MCV, MCH, MCHC and serum ferritin level with lower levels in patients compared with control and there were significant difference between patients and control group regarding RDW with higher levels in patients compared with control. Conclusion: Febrile seizure is more commen in children with iron deficiency as iron deficiency seems to be an important risk factor for development of febrile convulsions.

[Afreen Mohamed khalefa, Reyadh Atef Algendi, Kamel Soliman Hammad, Ahmed Helal Elsayed, Khaled Bahgat Kotb Ibrahim. Evaluation of iron status in children with first febrile seizures. Nat Sci 2017;15(3):92-95]. ISSN 1545-0740 (print); ISSN 2375-7167 (online). http://www.sciencepub.net/nature. 13. doi:10.7537/marsnsj150317.13.

Key words: febrile convulsions, Iron deficiency, children.

Full Text

13

14

Synthesis and characterization of nano-hydroxyapatite and its application in removal of Fe and Al ions from their aqueous solutions

S. A. Abo-El-Enein¹, H. A. El boraey², R. M. El-korashy³, A. A. Sery^3*

¹Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Ain Shams University, Egypt

²Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Menoufia University, Egypt

³National Water Research Center, CLEQM, Egypt

chem_alaa.asem@yahoo.com

Abstract: Nano-hydroxyapatite (NHAp) has been synthesized and characterized by means of FTIR, TGA, XRD, TEM and surface area measurements. The resin was applied for the removal of Fe²⁺ and Al³⁺ from their aqueous solutions. Nanomaterials possess novel size-dependent properties because of its high specific surface area, high reactivity, and strong sorption. The uptake values obtained were55.2 and 66.2 mg/g for Fe²⁺ and Al³⁺, respectively. The data indicated that the adsorption process is endothermic and kinetically follows pseudo-second order model. Langmuir and Freundlich isotherm equations were employed to study the adsorption process. Results indicate that Langmuir isotherm better fits adsorption data than Freundlich model. Factors influencing the removal percent as pH, contact time, adsorbent dose and initial metal ionconcentration have been discussed.

[S. A. Abo-El-Enein, H. A. El boraey, R. M. El-korashy, A. A. Sery. Synthesis and characterization of nano-hydroxyapatite and its application in removal of Fe and Al ions from their aqueous solutions. Nat Sci 2017;15(3):96-104]. ISSN 1545-0740 (print); ISSN 2375-7167 (online). http://www.sciencepub.net/nature. 14. doi:10.7537/marsnsj150317.14.

Keywords: Nano-hydroxyapatite (NHAp); Nanoparticles; Adsorption; Water treatment.

Full Text

14

15

Comparison between Immediate and Delayed Induction of Labor in Pregnant Women with Spontaneous Pre-Labor Rupture of Membranes at Term

Mohamed S. Fouad, Mohamed M. Al Kholy, Mohamed S. Hammour, Mohamed Salah Ahmed

Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine, Al Zahar University, Cairo, Egypt. mohamedelshimy1987@gmail.com

Abstract: Aim of work Compare the efficacy and safety of immediate induction of labour with intravaginal misoprostol, with those who will have induction of labour with intravenous oxytocin infusion after an expectant period of 12 hours, at term in patients with PROM and a favourable cervix. Patients and methods Randomized control study of 80 women who had either immediate induction of labour with intravaginal misoprostol tablets, or delayed induction with intravenous oxytocin infusion after an expectant period of 12 hours, at sohag teaching Hospital. The outcome of labour was compared in the two groups using the Z test and Chi square test, while, p-value of less than 0.05 was taken as significant. The odds ratio (OR) and 95% confidence interval were also determined where appropriate. Results Immediate induction of labour with intravaginal misoprostol resulted in lower rates of caesarean section and operative vaginal delivery, with a higher rate of spontaneous vaginal delivery. The duration of latent phase of labour and hospital stay before delivery was statistically significantly shorter in the immediate induction group. Neonatal and maternal morbidity were insignificant and comparable between the two groups. Conclusion: Immediate induction of labour with intravaginal rnisoprostol resulted in significantly lower rates of intervention without compromising fetomaternal outcome. We recommend the immediate induction of labour with proper use of intravaginal misoprostol in women with SPROM atterm.

[Mohamed S. Fouad, Mohamed M. Al Kholy, Mohamed S. Hammour, Mohamed Salah Ahmed, Comparison between Immediate and Delayed Induction of Labor in Pregnant Women with Spontaneous Pre-Labor Rupture of Membranes at Term. Nat Sci 2017;15(3):105-112]. ISSN 1545-0740 (print); ISSN 2375-7167 (online). http://www.sciencepub.net/nature. 15. doi:10.7537/marsnsj150317.15.

Key words: SPROM at term, immediate vs delayed induction of labour, Outcome.

Full Text

15

16

The Effect of high loading dose Rosuvastatin before Percutaneous Coronary Intervention in Diabetic Patients with Non-STMI.

Ghada A. Kazamel¹, Medhat M. Elsayed¹, Megally, C.B¹, Ahmed I.Elbarbary², Mamdouh Maher¹,

¹Cardiology Department National Heart Institute, Cairo, Egypt

²Misr University for Science and Technology, Egypt

ghada_kazamel@yahoo.com

Abstract: Background and objective: Non-STEMI in diabetic patient is a life threatening condition. Many studies have shown the benefit of high dose statin in the management of those patients, loading dose before intervention can improve the outcome but this is not consistent. We aimed to evaluate the effect of high loading dose of rosuavatatin (80mg) in diabetics with Non-STMI on the incidence of 6 weeks major adverse cardiac events and periprocedural myocardial infarction. Methods: 100diabeticspresented with Non-STEMI were planned for PCI randomly divided into two equal groups: A high loading dose of rosuvastatin 80 mg for 3 days before PCI, and B 20 mg resuvastatin without loading dose both of them continued on 20 mg rosuvastatin during the period of follow up in addition to traditional treatment according to patient cardiac conditions. Follow up at hospital stay and six weeks after. End points were increase cardiac markers, hs CRP after PCI, and MACE during 1 month (death, Q wave MI, target vessel revascularization, ischemic stroke). Results: The results of Lipid profile values, the mean baseline cardiac biomarker (before PCI) & HS-CRP were similar in both groups. Troponin-I levels increased significantly at next morning with higher degree of rise in group B compared to group A. No significant changes in mean values of CK-MB & HS-CRP after PCI in both groups. MACE occurred higher in group B mainly by readmission (24%) due to unstable angina (16%) or due to NSTEMI (8%) compared to group A in whom readmission occurred in (8%) due to UA in (8%), while NSTEMI did not occur. Conclusion: high loading dose of rosuvastatin (80 mg) before PCI has cardio-protective effect as it decreased post procedural myonecrosis proved by reducing the degree of rise of troponin-I after PCI, and reduces the incidence of readmission events within the 6 weeks of clinical follow-up.

[Ghada A. Kazamel, Medhat M. Elsayed, Megally, C.B, Ahmed I. Elbarbary, Mamdouh Maher, The Effect of high loading dose Rosuvastatin before Percutaneous Coronary Intervention in Diabetic Patients with Non-STMI. Nat Sci 2017;15(3):113-119]. ISSN 1545-0740 (print); ISSN 2375-7167 (online). http://www.sciencepub.net/nature. 16. doi:10.7537/marsnsj150317.16.

Key word: statin, DM, Non-STMI

Full Text

16

17

Enhancement Growth, Yield Production and Quality of Kale Plants by Using Plant Growth Promoting Bacteria

Alaaeldin Abdallah Helaly

Department of Horticulture, Faculty of Agriculture, Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt

Stockbridge School of Agriculture, Massachusetts University, Amherst, USA

Corresponding author: alaahelaly@hotmail.com

Abstract: The experiments were carried out in pots in greenhouse conditions on Kale plants (Brassica oleracea var. sabellica) during seasons of 2016 and 2017. The objective of this study was to investigate the effect of plant growth promoting bacteria (PGPB) (Serratia marcescens, Pseudomonas poae, Plantibacter flavus and Bacillus amyloliquefaciens subsp. Plantarum) inoculation to roots and medium on kale plants growth and productivity. The combined analysis data in both seasons showed that the highest vegetative growth was obtained from strain 303 such as plant height (17.17 cm ), Leaf number (13.83 ) and leaf area (105.03 cm2 ) in comparison to untreated plants. PGPB significantly increased the nutritional compositions in kale leaves compared to the control plants. Inoculation of strain 303 gave the highest recorded values in Chlorophyll a (Chl. a 15.08 mg/100 g FW), Chlorophyll b (Chl. b 9.58 mg/100 g FW), ascorbic acid (13.52 mg/100 g FW), Phenols (2.26 mg/g FW) and Rosmarenic acid (5.89 mg/g FW). The highest yield of kale plants was obtained from strain 303 with registered number 102.13 g/plant compared to control plants (84.53 g/plant). Bacterial (PGPB strains) inoculation significantly affected kale leaves nutrient elements contents than untreated plants. Strain 303 recorded the highest value in nitrogen contents (N, 1.67% DW), Phosphorus (P, 0.27% DW), potassium (K, 2.49% DW), magnesium (Mg, 0.70% DW), Iron (Fe, 82.12 ppm DW) and Zinc (Zn, 27 ppm DW) in comparison to the control. The inoculation methods didn`t show clear trend, however root inoculation exhibit significant differences in the traits majority. The study is highly useful as initial work to introduce a new member of vegetable crops which is rich in their nutritional value and can be a benefit to cultivate in Egypt for commercial purposes.

[Alaaeldin Abdallah Helaly. Enhancement Growth, Yield Production and Quality of Kale Plants by Using Plant Growth Promoting Bacteria. Nat Sci 2017;15(3):120-130]. ISSN 1545-0740 (print); ISSN 2375-7167 (online). http://www.sciencepub.net/nature. 17. doi:10.7537/marsnsj150317.17.

Keywords: Kale, Biofertilizer, PGPR, Chlorophyll, Ascorbic acid, phenols, Flavonoids, N.P.K, Nutrients

Full Text

17