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Studies On Variation Data Assimilation

*Dr. Rajeev Kumar and **Gurpreet Kaur

*Assistant Professor, Department of Mathematics, OPJS University, Churu, Rajasthan (India)

**Research Scholar, Department of Mathematics, OPJS University, Churu, Rajasthan (India)

Email: shargun500@gmail.com; Contact No. +91-9996347359

Abstract: We introduce the Gauss-Newton 'incremental' and CVT techniques currently used for sc4DVAR. We then introduce the two wc4DVAR formulations. We then extend the theory of the Gauss-Newton and CVT concepts to both formulations and briefly discuss the structures of the two wc4DVAR Hessians. We conclude the chapter with a literature review of applications of wc4DVAR in NWP and current understanding of the conditioning of the wc4DVAR problem.

[Kumar, R. and Kaur, G. Studies On Variation Data Assimilation. Academ Arena 2020;12(3):1-4]. ISSN 1553-992X (print); ISSN 2158-771X (online). http://www.sciencepub.net/academia. 1. doi:10.7537/marsaaj120320.01.

Keywords: Solution, Data, Assimilation

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超对称超引力多体解读引力子----四川宽窄科学研究之17

叶眺新

Recommended: 王德奎 (Wang Dekui), y-tx@163.com

Abstract: 摘要：科学是国际化的，但科学传播却应该具有本土特色----一切拿来主义都有可能因为水土不服而丧失掉理论的指导意义，所以科学传播应该是“全球本土化”的，即消化吸收并结合本土实践，创新性地提出具有中国特色的科学传播理论----超对称超引力多体的一系列中国科学殿堂内外数十年的交流博弈，揭示了这一幕的曲折艰辛。

[叶眺新. 超对称超引力多体解读引力子----四川宽窄科学研究之17. Academ Arena 2020;12(3):5-24]. ISSN 1553-992X (print); ISSN 2158-771X (online). http://www.sciencepub.net/academia. 2. doi:10.7537/marsaaj120320.02.

Keywords: 关键词：超对称 超引力 量子曲率 电子云图 等密度面

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Studies On Σ-Statistical Convergence And Lacunary Σ-Statistical Convergence

*Dr. Rajeev Kumar and **Neeru Gupta

*Assistant Professor, Department of Mathematics, OPJS University, Churu, Rajasthan (India)

**Research Scholar, Department of Mathematics, OPJS University, Churu, Rajasthan (India)

Email: godugupta@gmail.com

Abstract: The mappings σ are one-to-one and such that σ^m (k) ≠ k for all positive integers k and m, where σ^m (k) denotes the m^th iterate of the mapping σ at k. Thus Ф extends the limit functional on c, the space of convergent sequences, in the sense that Ф(x) = lim ξ_k for all x ∈ c. In case σ is the translation mapping k→k+1, an invariant mean is often called a Banach limit and V_σ, the set of bounded sequences all of whose invariant means are equal, is the set of almost convergent sequences.

[Kumar, R. and Gupta, N. Studies On Σ-Statistical Convergence And Lacunary Σ-Statistical Convergence. Academ Arena 2020;12(3):25-29]. ISSN 1553-992X (print); ISSN 2158-771X (online). http://www.sciencepub.net/academia. 3. doi:10.7537/marsaaj120320.03.

Keywords: solution; statistical; convergence and lacunary

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Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) Research Literatures

Mark Herbert

World Development Institute

39-06 Main Street, Flushing, Queens, New York 11354, USA, ma708090@gmail.com

Abstract: Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is an infectious disease caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). The virus is mainly spread during close contact and via respiratory droplets that are produced when a person talks, coughs, or sneezes. Respiratory droplets may be produced during breathing, however, current research indicates that the virus is not considered airborne. People may also contract COVID-19 by touching a contaminated surface (Fomite) and then inadvertently transfer the pathogen to a mucous membrane (such as the eyes, nose, or mouth). It is most contagious when people are symptomatic, although spread may be possible before symptoms appear. The virus can live on surfaces up to 72 hours. Time from exposure to onset of symptoms is generally between two and fourteen days, with an average of five days. The standard method of diagnosis is by reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (rRT-PCR) from a nasopharyngeal swab. The infection can also be diagnosed from a combination of symptoms, risk factors and a chest CT scan showing features of pneumonia. This article introduces recent research reports as references in the related studies.

[Mark Herbert. Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) Research Literatures. Academ Arena 2020;12(3):30-64]. ISSN 1553-992X (print); ISSN 2158-771X (online). http://www.sciencepub.net/academia. 4. doi:10.7537/marsaaj120320.04.

Key words: Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19); life; research; literature

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Studies On Different Solution Pattern Of Linear And Quadratic Algebraic Equation: A Variant Of Newton’s Method

*Dr. Rajeev Kumar and **Geeta Arora

*Assistant Professor, Department of Mathematics, OPJS University, Churu, Rajasthan (India)

**Research Scholar, Department of Mathematics, OPJS University, Churu, Rajasthan (India)

Contact No.  +91-9518073997; Email: saprageetu87@gmail.com

Abstract: It is found that not only the model (equation (1.5)) and its derivative agree with the function and its derivative  respectively, but the second derivative of the model and the second derivative of the function are also agreeing at the current iterate  (Fernando and Weerakoon [1997]). Even though the model for Newton’s method matches with the values of the slope of the function, it does not match with its curvature in terms of . It was found that the computational order of convergence is more than three in some cases in variant of Newton’s method, which is higher than the classical Newton’s method. The number of function evaluations was found to be less for variant of Newton’s method as compared to classical Newton’s method. Another important characteristic of this method is that it does not require second or higher derivatives of the function to carry out iterations.

[Kumar, R. and Arora, G. Studies On Different Solution Pattern Of Linear And Quadratic Algebraic Equation: A Variant Of Newton’s Method. Academ Arena 2020;12(3):65-70]. ISSN 1553-992X (print); ISSN 2158-771X (online). http://www.sciencepub.net/academia. 5. doi:10.7537/marsaaj120320.05.

Keywords: Solution, Linear, Quadratic, Newton Method

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Review Of Literature Related To The Evolution Of Solving Equation (Linear, Quadratic, And Cubic)

*Dr. Rajeev Kumar and **Vinod Kumar

*Associate Professor, Department of Mathematics, OPJS University, Churu, Rajasthan (India)

**Research Scholar, Department of Mathematics, OPJS University, Churu, Rajasthan (India)

Email: vkmaan2015@gmail.com

Abstract: Various studies (e.g. Stacey, 1988; Vinner, 1991; Kieran, 1992; Esty, 1992; Sfard & Linchevski, 1994; Bell, 1995; Linchevski & Herscovics, 1996; McDowell, 1996; Souviney, 1996; Dreyfus, 1999; Lithner, 2000; Mason, 2000, Maharaj, 2005) have focused on the teaching and learning of school mathematics. These studies have indicated some important sources of students’ difficulties in mathematics. A limited number of research studies focusing on quadratic equations have documented the techniques students engage in while solving quadratic equations (Bossé & Nandakumar, 2005), geometric approaches used by students for solving quadratic equations (Allaire & Bradley, 2001), students' understanding of and difficulties with solving quadratic equations (Kotsopoulos, 2007; Lima, 2008; Tall, Lima, & Healy, 2014; Vaiyavutjamai, Ellerton, & Clements, 2005; Zakaria & Maat, 2010), the teaching and learning of quadratic equations in classrooms (Olteanu & Holmqvist, 2012; Vaiyavutjamai & Clements, 2006), comparing how quadratic equations are handled in mathematics textbooks in different countries (Saglam & Alacaci, 2012), and the application of the history of quadratic equations in teacher preparation programs to highlight prospective teachers' knowledge (Clark, 2012).

[Kumar, R. and Kumar, Review Of Literature Related To The Evolution Of Solving Equation (Linear, Quadratic, And Cubic). Academ Arena 2020;12(3):71-75]. ISSN 1553-992X (print); ISSN 2158-771X (online). http://www.sciencepub.net/academia. 6. doi:10.7537/marsaaj120320.06.

Keywords: Equation, Linear, Quadratic, Cubic

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The Impact Of Knnya Gurukuls On Women Education In Haryana (India)

Dr. Jayveer Singh and Mrs. Sumita

*Associate Professor, Department of History, OPJS University, Churu, Rajasthan (India)

**Research Scholar, Department of History, OPJS University, Churu, Rajasthan (India)

e-mail: drravinder2013@gmail.com

Abstract: After the split of Arya Samaj, the first Gurukula was established in 1902 at Hardwar. After some time, the Gurukula movement soon grew very popular in the Haryana and a number of other such institutions came to be established in different parts of Haryana in the first half of the 20^th century. In 1909 a branch of the Gurukula was founded at Multan. Education imparted here was upto the school level only. The colonial government did not care much for providing educational facilities to the people of Haryana until 1880's.

[Singh, J. and Sumita. The Impact Of Knnya Gurukuls On Women Education In Haryana (India). Academ Arena 2020;12(3):76-79]. ISSN 1553-992X (print); ISSN 2158-771X (online). http://www.sciencepub.net/academia. 7. doi:10.7537/marsaaj120320.07.

Keywords: Kanya, Gurukul, Haryana, India

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Review Of Literature Related To Mediatrix Of The Trinity Of Nature, Man And God In Poetry, Drama And Prose Writing: Rabindranath Tagore

*Dr. Nitendra Singh and ** Sakshi Antil

*Associate Professor, Department of English, OPJS University, Churu, Rajasthan (India)

**Research Scholar, Department of English, OPJS University, Churu, Rajasthan (India)

Email: sakshi.dipsight@gmail.com

Abstract: Review of Literature entitled on the topic “REVIEW OF LITERATURE RELATED TO MEDIATRIX OF THE TRINITY OF NATURE, MAN AND GOD IN POETRY, DRAMA AND PROSE WRITING: RABINDRANATH TAGORE” explained views of various researches and authors about Nationalism among the poetry Rabindernath Tagore, Psychological Feeling of drama of Rabindernath Tagore, Love hate relationship with prose of Rabindernath Tagore, Problems of racial and cultural differences in prose of Rabindernath Tagore, Reciprocal effect on each other (Native And Other), Respect for Indian Culture as reflected in the works of Tagore and Maintenance of Indianness Abroad. Tagore is a maker of not only modern Indian literature but also the modern Indian mind. Myriadminded, he was a poet, short-story writer, novelist, dramatist, essayist, painter and composer of songs. His world wide acclaim as a social, political, religious and aesthetic thinker, innovator in education and a champion of the “One World” idea makes him a living presence. One of India’s most cherished renaissance figures; Rabindranath Tagore (1861-1941) put India on the literary map of the world when he was awarded the Noble Prize for Literature in 1913 for Gitanjali.

[Singh, N. and Antil, S. Review Of Literature Related To Mediatrix Of The Trinity Of Nature, Man And God In Poetry, Drama And Prose Writing: Rabindranath Tagore. Academ Arena 2020;12(3):80-84]. ISSN 1553-992X (print); ISSN 2158-771X (online). http://www.sciencepub.net/academia. 8. doi:10.7537/marsaaj120320.08.

Keywords: Literature, Rabindernath Tagore, Poetry, Drama and Prose

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