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朝鲜氢弹科学初探原理假说

严河流

Recommended: 王德奎, y-tx@163.com

Abstract: 根据专家及公开的资料，从自然国学量子色动化学的研究，作“IP+氢弹”升级型的不同猜测，这仅是一种科学原理假说. 量子色动化学是量子色动力学（QCD）和粒子物理标准模型的一个组成部分。QCD是一个描述夸克之间强相互作用的标准动力学理论，它能够说明轻子对强子深度非弹性散射的异常现象、喷注现象以及夸克的色禁闭问题。在量子色动力学中，夸克由于带色荷而产生强相互作用，夸克之间交换胶子。但QCD至今仍然是一个没有被完全解决的问题，如果把弱力能源分为两部分：一是众所周知的原子核衰变型的融合与分裂，都能释放出能量的核聚变能与核裂变能。另外是原子核子内的夸克海、海夸克、胶子海、海胶子云等，引起的外源性量子卡西米尔效应。量子色动化学是原子内的质子和中子不发生融合与分裂的核反应，而使原子组成的分子结构发生的非核衰变型或少核衰变型的化学分解与组合。

[严河流. 朝鲜氢弹科学初探原理假说. Academ Arena 2016;8(3):1-17]. ISSN 1553-992X (print); ISSN 2158-771X (online). http://www.sciencepub.net/academia. 1.

doi:10.7537/marsaaj080316.01

Keywords: 量子色动化学; 氢弹; 粒子物理标准模型; 夸克; 强相互作用; 轻子; 强子; 核衰变; 化学分解; 组合

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Physico-Chemical Environmental Variables of Manawar Tawi

Adhfur Sherwani and Dr. Malik Mukhtar

^1.  Research Scholar, Department of Environment Science

^2.  Professor, Department of Entomology SKUAST-K

showkat80ahmad@gmail.com

Abstract: Aquatic biodiversity is an essential characteristic for the stability and residence of ecosystem. The physico-chemical environmental characteristics of water have a great role over the distribution and abundance of living organisms. After a perusal of data on physico-chemical parameters and in depth discussion on their relationships, it was inferred that the high altitude fluvial system of Manawar Tawi is represented by extreme environmental conditions. Physico-chemical parameters like air temperature, water temperature, turbidity, hydro median depth and total dissolved solids remained low during winters. However, the free carbon dioxide and sodium showed higher values during monsoon. All these environmental variables have a direct bearing on the aquatic biodiversity of Manawar Tawi of Jammu region.

[Adhfur Sherwani and Malik Mukhtar. Physico-Chemical Environmental Variables of Manawar Tawi. Academ Arena 2016;8(3):18-28]. ISSN 1553-992X (print); ISSN 2158-771X (online). http://www.sciencepub.net/academia. 2.

doi:10.7537/marsaaj080316.02

Keywords: Physico-Chemical, Environmental, Manawar Tawi

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Effect of timely and reliability of financial reports on irrational pricingandprofit and its components

Abdollah kaabi, Seyyed Hadi Edris Pour

Department of Accounting, Persian Gulf International Branch, Islamic Azad University, Khorramshahr, Iran

z_rahmatia@yahoo.com

Abstract: Misunderstanding of investors of the stability rate of accounting profit and the components of cash and its commitments was led to the phenomenon of incorrect stock prices by investors and ultimately it will cause to allocaten on-optimal resources in the capital market. In this study, the timely effectiveness and reliability of information on pricing irrational stock were reviewed by using the profits and its components in listed companies in Tehran Stock Exchange in the period from 1381 to 1391. For this purpose, it is used the assessment system of simultaneous equations and rational pricing Myshkyn test (1983). The results show that the use of accounting profit and its components causes incorrect price of stocks, when the reliability of financial reports increases, the degree of irrational pricing of stocks (using the commitmentand operating cash flow) reduces.

[Abdollah kaabi, Seyyed Hadi Edris Pour. Effect of timely and reliability of financial reports on irrational pricingandprofit and its components. Academ Arena 2016;8(3):29-34]. ISSN 1553-992X (print); ISSN 2158-771X (online). http://www.sciencepub.net/academia. 3.

doi:10.7537/marsaaj080316.03

Keywords: profit, operating cash flow, commitment, rational pricing

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4

干细胞 (Stem cell)

Ma Hongbao ¹, Margaret Young ², Zhu Yucui ³, Yang Yan ¹, Zhu Huaijie ⁴

¹ Brookdale University Hospital and Medical Center, Brooklyn, New York 11212, USA, ma8080@gmail.com;

² Cambridge, MA 02138, USA; ³ Department of Dermatology, Columbia University Medical Center, 630 West, 168^th Street, New York, New York 10032, USA; ⁴ The 2nd Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, 2 Jingba Road, Zhengzhou, Henan, China, yz81@columbia.edu

Abstract: 干细胞（stem cell）是一种未充分分化，尚不成熟的细胞，于1960年代发现，具有再生生物体各种组织器官的潜在功能，被称为万用细胞。干细胞具有自我复制能力（self-renewing）， 可以复制成子代干细胞，也可以分化成功能细胞。哺乳动物中根据干细胞所处的发育阶段分为胚胎干细胞（embryonic stem cell，ES细胞）和成体干细胞（somatic stem cell 或adult stem cell）。根据干细胞的发育潜能分为三类：全能干细胞（totipotent stem cell，TSC）、多能干细胞（pluripotent stem cell， PSC）和单能干细胞（unipotent stem cell，USC）（专能干细胞）。干细胞的用途非常广泛，涉及到医学的多个领域。科学家已经能够在体外鉴别、分离、纯化、扩增和培养人体胚胎干细胞，并以这样的干细胞为“种子”，培育出一些人的组织器官。干细胞及其衍生组织器官的广泛临床应用，将产生一种全新的医疗技术，也就是再造人体正常的甚至年轻的组织器官，从而使人能够用上自己的或他人的干细胞或由干细胞所衍生出的新的组织器官，来替换自身病变的或衰老的组织器官。假如某位老年人能够使用上自己或他人婴幼儿时期或者青年时期保存起来的干细胞及其衍生组织器官，那么，这位老年人的寿命就可以得到明显的延长。

[Ma H, Young M, Zhu Y, Yang Y, Zhu H. 干细胞 (Stem cell). Academ Arena 2016;8(3):35-41]. ISSN 1553-992X (print); ISSN 2158-771X (online). http://www.sciencepub.net/academia. 4.

doi:10.7537/marsaaj080316.04

Key words: 干细胞 (stem cell); life; research; 分化

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得IP超弦者得“天下”

严河流

Recomendated: 王德奎, y-tx@163.com

Abstract: 质子作为电磁力的载体，拥有质量的观察，同夸克禁闭间隙对携带弱核力和强核力的粒子相关。它涉及求解空心圆球不撕破和不跳跃粘贴，能把内表面翻转成外表面的庞加莱猜想外定理。借助庞加莱猜想熵流，和类似“羊过河”寓言故事，在隧道碰头需要粒子三旋的智慧分析；同时借助庞加莱猜想定理得证，可证明四色猜想，而联系到夸克色禁闭暗物质，解释为何弱核力和强核力拥有范围有限，以及夸克不是单独存在，而能把热力学与量子论、相对论、超弦论、时间之箭起源联系起来。

[严河流. 得IP超弦者得“天下”. Academ Arena 2016;8(3):42-54]. ISSN 1553-992X (print); ISSN 2158-771X (online). http://www.sciencepub.net/academia. 5.

doi:10.7537/marsaaj080316.05

Keywords：质子；电磁力；载体；质量；夸克；热力学；量子论；相对论；超弦论；时间

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Attitude Towards Using New Technology Among Higher Secondary School Teachers

Gawher Ahmad*¹ & Javaid Aziz Bhat²

¹ Department of Education, University of Kashmir, Srinagar-190006 (India)

² Department of Linguistics, University of Kashmir, Srinagar-190006 (India)

*Corresponding author: gawhereduku@gmail.com

Abstract: The present study was conducted with an objective to compare the attitude of higher secondary schools teachers towards ICT. The sample for the proposed study consisted of 60 higher secondary school teachers (Govt. N= 30; Science = 15; Arts N= 15, Private N= 30; Science N= 15; Arts = N=15) belonged to different areas of Zone Dreygam District Budgam. Random sampling strategy was followed to draw the sample for the study. The data was subjected to various statistical treatments. The results reveal the Govt secondary school teachers have altogether favourable attitude towards ICT than the private secondary school teachers.

[A Gawher and Bhat J. A. Attitude Towards Using New Technology Among Higher Secondary School Teachers. Academ Arena 2016;8(3):55-61]. ISSN 1553-992X (print); ISSN 2158-771X (online). http://www.sciencepub.net/academia. 6.

doi:10.7537/marsaaj080316.06

Key words: ICT, attitude, Random sampling, Govt secondary school teachers

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Amylolytic Properties of Fungi Associated with Spoilage of Bread

Oyedeji, Funmilayo Nike

Department of Biology, Federal Capital Territory College of Education, P.M.B. 61, Abuja, Nigeria

Email: deleijigbade@yahoo.com

Abstract: An amylolytic property of fungi associated with spoilage of bread was conducted in Abuja, Nigeria. A total of twenty bread samples were purchased from Zuba, Gwagwalada, Tungamaje and Anagada in Gwagwalada Area Council and screened for the presence of amylolytic fungi by using Spread Plate Technique. Eighteen (18) fungal isolates belonging to three genera and four species of amylolytic fungi were observed, Aspergillus niger (38.89 %) was the most prevalent species, followed by Aspergillus flavus (33.33 %), Penicillium chrysogenum (16.67 %) and Rhizopus stolonifer (11.11 %) being the least prevalent. The highest amylolytic activities were recorded in Rhizopus stolonifer (15.19±1.3 Amylase unit (Au)/ml), Penicillium chrysogenum (14.02±0.3 Au/ml), Aspergillus niger (12.13±0.5 Au/ml) and Aspergillus flavus (10.05±1.4 Au/ml). The amylolytic activities as well as the frequencies of occurrence of the fungal isolates were not significantly different at p = 0.05 level of significant. These amylolytic fungi have the potential to be a useful tool in biotechnological processes involving starch hydrolysis. The results of this work show that amylolytic activity is relatively widespread among common fungi and may have an important role in starch degradation in natural environment.

[Oyedeji, Funmilayo Nike. Amylolytic Properties of Fungi Associated with Spoilage of Bread. Academ Arena 2016;8(3):62-66]. ISSN 1553-992X (print); ISSN 2158-771X (online). http://www.sciencepub.net/academia. 7.

doi:10.7537/marsaaj080316.07

Keywords: Amylolytic, Fungi, Bread, Amylase unit

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Effects of Irrigation using Different Levels of the Mixture of Sugarcane Drain and Karun River Water on Physical and Hydraulic Properties of Soil

Hadi Ghanavat, A.¹, Boroomand Nasab, S.² and Naseri, A.³

^1.  MA, Faculty of Water Sciences Engineering, Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz, Iran

^2.  Professor, Faculty of Water Sciences Engineering, Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz, Iran

^3.  Professor, Faculty of Water Sciences Engineering, Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz, Iran

Anahita.hadighanavat@yahoo.com, boroomandsaeed@yahoo.com, abdalinaseri@yahoo.com

Abstract: In most of the world's metropolitan cities, the largest portion of freshwater is allocated to drinking, health care, and industry. So, there might be a severe lack of water for irrigation of agricultural lands. In order to mitigate the effects of water crisis, certain agricultural schemes should be implemented because agriculture uses the utmost portion of water for irrigation. This study aims to consider the short term effects of irrigation with diverse levels of salinity of the mixture of Salman Farsi agro-industry sugarcane drain and Karun River water on physical and hydraulic properties of different depths of soil. The research was accomplished on the first irrigation and drainage research farm at the Faculty of Water Sciences Engineering of Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz, without any planting conditions. Research framework had a random scheme, three repetitions, and the following irrigation treatments: 1) 75% Karun River water +25% sugarcane drain, 2) 50% Karun River water + 50% sugarcane drain, 3) 25% Karun River Water + 75% sugarcane drain. Since the primary EC of drain and Karun River water was known and three levels of irrigation treatment were defined, we examined three levels of salinity (6, 9, and 12 ds/m). The soil texture was sandy clay loam. After irrigating according to the mentioned treatments for 30, 60, 90, and 120 days, physical and hydraulic properties of soil including bulk density and porosity were measured by the intact method. Field capacity moisture was calculated as a percentage by pressure plate machine. The saturated hydraulic conductivity in depths of 0-30, 30-60, and 60-90 cm and ultimate infiltration rate of the surface layer of soil were measured by static load and double cylinder methods, respectively. Results which were statically analyzed by SPSS software, demonstrated that variations of bulk density and porosity, field capacity moisture, saturated hydraulic conductivity, and ultimate infiltration rate got significance at one percent probability level. By increasing the salinity of irrigation water bulk density and field capacity moisture increased but saturated hydraulic conductivity, ultimate infiltration rate, and total porosity of soil will decreased.

[Hadi Ghanavat, A., Boroomand Nasab, S. and Naseri, A. Effects of Irrigation using Different Levels of the Mixture of Sugarcane Drain and Karun River Water on Physical and Hydraulic Properties of Soil. Academ Arena 2016;8(3):67-71]. ISSN 1553-992X (print); ISSN 2158-771X (online). http://www.sciencepub.net/academia. 8.

doi:10.7537/marsaaj080316.08

Keywords: Irrigation, Sugarcane Drain, Mixture, Physical Properties, Hydraulic Properties

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新引力理论和宇宙膨胀理论-在宇宙中无暗物质和无暗能量

Chun-Xuan Jiang (蒋春暄)

Institute for Basic Research, Palm Harbor, FL34682-1577, USA

And: P. O. Box 3924, Beijing 100854, China (蒋春暄，北京3924信箱，100854)

jiangchunxuan@sohu.com, cxjiang@mail.bcf.net.cn, jcxuan@sina.com, Jiangchunxuan@vip.sohu.com, jcxxxx@163.com

摘要: 利用快子理论发现了新引力公式（16），亚光速物质转动产生离心力这点大家都知道，超光速物质转动产生向心力作用在亚光速物质上产生引力。利用这我们建立了宇宙膨胀理论，参看图2，（22）—（25）。引力子能够转变为静止质量，参看图2，，（24）和（27）。牛顿引力理论是近似的，而爱因斯坦广义相对论是错误的。暗物质，暗能量，引力波，黑洞，量子纠缠和平行宇宙都不存在。

[Chun-Xuan Jiang. 新引力理论和宇宙膨胀理论-在宇宙中无暗物质和无暗能量. Academ Arena 2016;8(3):72-76]. ISSN 1553-992X (print); ISSN 2158-771X (online). http://www.sciencepub.net/academia. 9.

doi:10.7537/marsaaj080316.09

Keywords: 引力理论; 宇宙; 膨胀理论; 暗物质; 暗能量

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读《太 极 话 天 下》

王德奎（研究员）

中国四川绵阳市, y-tx@163

Abstract: 《太极话天下》是一本民间百科全书，有古文化、历史、故事，也有现代科学、工程技术和医药，还有诗歌、科幻、宗教，等等。《太极话天下》原书名是《月球医生》，改为现书名和增加内容是正确之举。我曾出版过《三旋理论初探》、《解读<时间简史>》、《求衡论---庞加莱猜想应用》、《嫘祖研究》、《中国气功思维学》、《嫘祖故里大揭秘》等书，知道民间基层人士出书的不容易。孙纯武先生比我出生稍晚一点，爱好、经历相似，但孙纯武先生是一位能人，还是一位成功的企业家，我只能拿点退休工资坐而论道，所以对孙纯武先生是非常尊重的，还加上孙纯武先生是一位热心人，锲而不舍钻研科技几十年，是中华民族脊梁式的一位人物。

[王德奎. 读《太 极 话 天 下》. Academ Arena 2016;8(3):77-78]. ISSN 1553-992X (print); ISSN 2158-771X (online). http://www.sciencepub.net/academia. 10.

doi:10.7537/marsaaj080316.10

Keywords: 《太极话天下》; 民间; 百科全书; 文化; 历史; 故事; 科学; 工程技术; 医药; 宗教

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Effects Of Computer - Assisted Instruction On Academic Achievement Of Nigeria Certificate In Education Physics Students, In Niger State, Nigeria

Dr Atadoga M.M¹, Prof Mari J.S.² and Danjuma A.B³

^1. Institute Of Education, Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria, Nigeria.

^2. Faculty Of Education, Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria, Nigeria.

^3. Department Of Physics, College Of Education, Minna.

danjuma.bida@yahoo.com

Abstract: The study investigated the effect of computer- assisted instruction on academic achievement of Nigeria Certificate in Education Physics students, in Niger State, Nigeria. Two research questions were raised and two null hypotheses were formulated to guide the study. The study adopted pre-test and post-test quasi experimental control group design. Two hundred and eleven (211) NCE II students from the two colleges of education in Niger State were used as research sample. The purposive sampling techniques using balloting method was employed to assign the colleges into experimental and control groups. The researcher developed computer- assisted instructional package on Mechanics and Properties of Matter which was used as treatment instrument for experimental group, while control group were exposed to traditional lecture teaching method. The instrument for data collection was Mechanics and Properties of Matter Achievement Test (MPMAT) which was validated by two experts in science education. A 40- items multiple choice objective type achievement test covering six topics in Mechanics and Properties of Matter was used to collect data for both pre and post test. A reliability coefficient of 0.78 was obtained using the Pearson’s Product Moment Correlation Coefficient formula (r). The data collected from the study were analyzed using t- test. The findings of this study revealed that experimental group performed better than the control group, no statistically significant difference in the performances of both male and female students taught with CAI which implies that CAI is gender friendly. It was recommended among others, that Physics Lecturers should continuously use computer software in teaching physics as it guarantees improvement in student’s achievement in physics.

[Atadoga M.M, Mari J.S. and Danjuma A.B. Effects Of Computer - Assisted Instruction On Academic Achievement Of Nigeria Certificate In Education Physics Students, In Niger State, Nigeria. Academ Arena 2016;8(3):79-86]. ISSN 1553-992X (print); ISSN 2158-771X (online). http://www.sciencepub.net/academia. 11.

doi:10.7537/marsaaj080316.11

Key words: Computer- Assisted Instruction; Academic Achievement; Mechanics and Properties of Matter

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Android For Dummies

Manjunath R 

Independent Researcher

#16/1, 8^Th Main Road, Shivanagar, Rajajinagar, Bangalore: 560010, Karnataka, India

manjunath5496@gmail.com, manjunathr1988@yahoo.in

Abstract: This article provides a precise description of the world’s most popular operating system-- the Android which has now garnered the interest of a million smart phone users -- and also highlights some basic knowledge of formal constructed languages (like C, C++ , Java & xml) designed to communicate instructions to a machine, particularly a computer.

[Manjunath. R. Android For Dummies. Academ Arena 2016;8(3):87-105]. ISSN 1553-992X (print); ISSN 2158-771X (online). http://www.sciencepub.net/academia. 12.

doi:10.7537/marsaaj080316.12

Keywords: Android; Activity; Intent; HelloWorld Application; xml; Kernel.

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