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Customer Relationship Management (CRM) in Banking System

 Ali Sorayaei¹and Vahid Khalatbari Limaki ^{2, 3} *

 ¹Assistant Professor in Department of public Administration, Babol Branch, Islamic Azad University, Babol, Iran

E-mail: a.sorayaei@yahoo.com, a.sorayaei@gmail.com

²MSc student, Department of public Administration, Qaemshahr Branch, Islamic Azad University, Qaemshahr, Iran

³Expert in Central Bank of the Islamic Republic of Iran

*Corresponding author: Vahid Khalatbari Limaki,

E-mail: khalatbarivahid@yahoo.com

Abstract: In past years, banks of country have not considered customer-centering and its components due to different social and economic problems and dependency of banks on the government and more important due to excess of supply on demand, then couldn’t use modern marketing well. People don’t have any motivation to go to banks since that no one considered them and their needs and also because all branches of banks offer same services. So, they have to go to banks just to supply basic needs and in other words it can be said that now customers offer service to banks not banks to customers. According to environmental changes we will face, banks should consider some issues beforehand such as equipping themselves, recognizing customers’ expectations and needs, and even market condition, because each bank which can recognize these needs and meet them sooner than the competitors will be success in this competition. In this article it was tried to assess role of Customer Relationship Management and its weakness and strengths in Banks of Iran then finally some recommendations are offered in order to modify and improve quality of services in Bank.

[Ali Sorayaeiand Vahid Khalatbari Limaki. Customer Relationship Management (CRM) in Banking System. Academia Arena 2013;5(3):1-4] (ISSN 1553-992X). http://www.sciencepub.net/academia. 1. doi:10.7537/marsaaj050313.01

Key words: Customer Relationship Management (CRM), bank, Iran, customer - oriented

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统一基本粒子系和原子系弦学之桥 --- 现代实用量子弦学发轫（1）

叶眺新

Recommended by Zhang Dongsheng, zds@outlook.com

摘要：对于氢原子谱线的波长数据，我们用从原子系量子数轨道圆弦图和正切基角θ＝45°出发的数据处理方法，合乎逻辑地导出了2013年的巴尔末公式。这种肯定，能否扩容到基本粒子系，即有物质族数目的类似“巴尔末公式”的新量子数质量谱公式吗？我们已经整整奋斗和等待了半个世纪。

[叶眺新. 统一基本粒子系和原子系弦学之桥---现代实用量子弦学发轫（1）. Academia Arena 2013;5(3):5-17] (ISSN 1553-992X). http://www.sciencepub.net/academia. 2. doi:10.7537/marsaaj050313.02

关键词：巴尔末公式 光谱 超弦 量子数质量.

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The Commitment of Saudi Commercial Banks With the Requirements of the Internal Control Over E-Commerce Activities ( From External Auditor Perspective)

Dr Mohamed Almoutaz Almojtaba Ibrahim ¹ , Dr Neimat Mohamed Saeed Bushara ²

1. Department of Accounting and Auditing University, Taif - Saudi Arabia University, Nileen –Sudan

2. Department of Marketing University, Taif - Saudi Arabia University, Omdurman Islamic –Sudan

almoutazanab@yahoo.com

Abstract: This study aims to inspect the Commitment of internal audit units in the Saudi Commercial Banks with the control requirements on e-commerce activities, including administrative and legal requirements and the requirements of security, protection and technological requirements. Researchers have adopted on specialized literature review pertaining to accounting and e-business to formulate the conceptual framework. The data were collected through a questionnaire designed for this purpose and distributed to external audit offices to review Saudi commercial banks. The researchers distributed 50 copies; however there were 45 copies received and valid for analysis. Researchers have found a statistically significant relationship between internal control requirements in terms of administrative and technological requirements and the requirements of security, protection, and compliance with control over electronic commerce activities. Moreover, legislative and legal requirements for e-commerce activities in the Saudi commercial banks are still inadequate and there is no obligation to those requirements where you need those laws to keep pace with rapid developments in the area of electronic business development. In the light of the conclusions of the study, the researchers recommended that Saudi banks to develop regulatory systems to keep pace with the rapid developments in information technology and miscellaneous uses in banking industry, legal, structural and technical requirements of security and protection for electronic commerce activities.

[Mohamed Almoutaz Almojtaba Ibrahim, Neimat Mohamed Saeed Bushara. The Commitment of Saudi Commercial Banks With the Requirements of the Internal Control Over E-Commerce Activities (From External Auditor Perspective). Academia Arena 2013;5(3):18-27] (ISSN 1553-992X). http://www.sciencepub.net/academia. 3. doi:10.7537/marsaaj050313.03

Key words: Internal control requirements, E-commerce, Legislative requirements control, The requirements of protection and security control, Technological requirements control, Administrative requirements control.

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Challenge of Associated Gas Flaring and Emissions Propagation in Nigeria

David O. Edopka^*, Precious N. Ede

Institute of Geosciences and Space Technology, Rivers State University of Science and Technology, Nkpolu-Oroworukwo, Port Harcourt, Nigeria. preciousnwobidiede@gmail.com

Abstract: Operations at gas plants and flow stations in Nigeria involve flaring of excess gas on twenty-four hourly basis. Combustion of associated gas contributes to the atmospheric content of carbon, nitrogen, sulphur and total hydrocarbon with its resultant effect that cause damage to the environment due to acid rain formation, global warming and ozone depletion. This study evaluates the challenges of gas flaring, spatial propagation of emissions and atmospheric conditions that affect their spread using the Idu Obosi in the Niger Delta of Nigeria as a case. The AirWare Model was used in the process of determining the distribution. The results showed that at higher wind speeds (5-8m/s), emission concentrations increases at closer distances (300m-1km) and decreases at increased distances. While at lower wind speeds (1-3m/s), high concentrations are experienced from 0-8km. Emission concentrations were more prevalent at closer range under the very unstable atmospheric condition, while under the stable  and neutral conditions, concentrations are at farther distances. The trajectory of the study settlement relative to the flare shows that the habited area is well within the distance range (8km) of the modeling results. It is clearly shown from the study that meteorological factors such as atmospheric stability, wind speed and direction play an important role in predicting the behavior of pollutant plumes. The dominant wind direction was south-westerly meaning that pollutants will be transported to the northern and north-eastern direction of the study area. Oil companies should endeavor to reduce gas flaring by capturing the extra gas during oil production and channeling it to useful purposes or re-injection.

[Edokpa DO, Ede PN. Challenge of Associated Gas Flaring and Emissions Propagation in Nigeria. Academ Arena 2013;5(3):28-35] (ISSN 1553-992X). http://www.sciencepub.net/academia. 4. doi:10.7537/marsaaj050313.04

Key Words: gas flaring, emission propagation, Niger Delta.

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Microbiological And Nutritional Evaluation Of Water Melon Juice (Citrullus lanatus)

Ogunbanwo S. T.*¹ Sado Azinat,¹ Adeniji Olufunke² and Fadahunsi I.F.¹

¹Department of Microbiology, University of Ibadan, Nigeria

²Department of Transport and Tourism Studies, Redeemer’s University, Redemption City, Mower Ogun State, Nigeria

 topzybanwo@yahoo.com

Abstract: Studies were conduct on different samples of water melon juice (fresh water melon juice with sugar (FWMJS), fresh water melon juice without sugar (FWMJWS), refrigerated water melon juice with sugar (RWMJS) and refrigerated water melon juice without sugar (RWMJWS). The result of the investigation obtained showed that the highest bacteria load of 5.3X 10⁶ cfu/ml, fungal count of 1.2X10⁶ cfu/ml and yeast count of 1.0X10⁶ cfu/ml were recorded in RWMJUS after 15 days of storage. The identification process revealed that microorganisms such as Eschericca coli (20%) Staphylococcus epidermidis (16%) Saccharomyces cerevisiae (12%) and Aspergillus niger (4%) were implicated. The nutritional analysis showed that FWMJWS have the highest % crude protein (0.71), ash (0.10), and moisture content (69.75). However the RWMJS contained the highest quantities of Ca (0.51mg/100g), K (1.31mg/100ml), Na (0.26mg/ml), P (0.156mg/ 100ml) Fe (0.30mg/100ml) Zn (0.018mg/100ml) and Mg (0.012mg/100ml) similarly the quantities of Ca (0.51 mg/100g) and Mg (0.012 mg/100g) in FWMJS were the same with that of RWMJS. Study therefore concluded that fresh water melon juice was more susceptible to microbial attack compared to water melon juice fortified with sugar.

[Ogunbanwo ST, Sado Azinat, Adeniji Olufunke and Fadahunsi IF. Microbiological and nutritional evaluation of water melon juice (Citrullus lanatus). Academic Arena. Academ Arena 2013;5(3):36-41] (ISSN 1553-992X). http://www.sciencepub.net/academia. 5. doi:10.7537/marsaaj050313.05

Key words: water melon juice, Microbiology, nutritional, sensory evaluation, refrigeration.

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统一自旋粒子与超对称之桥

---现代实用量子弦学发轫（2）

叶眺新

Recommended by 王德奎, y-tx@163.com

摘要：早在上世纪60年代实用三旋动力符号排列分类已在我国出现，由于众所周知的原因直推迟到上世纪80年代初的改革开放科学春天的到来，才在北京1982年的《潜科学》杂志第3期，以《自然全息律》为题发表公开圈态自旋面旋和线旋等研究。半个世纪过去，弦论实用符号动力学作为统一自旋粒子与超对称之桥已见雏形。

[叶眺新. 统一自旋粒子与超对称之桥---现代实用量子弦学发轫（2）Academ Arena 2013;5(3):42-48] (ISSN 1553-992X). http://www.sciencepub.net/academia. 6. doi:10.7537/marsaaj050313.06

关键词：弦论 符号动力学 环面 自旋 超对称.

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Queueing Theory in Practice

Navneet Rohela¹ , Sachin Kumar Agrawal ², Mayank Pawar³

^1,2Moradabad Institute of Technology, Moradabad

³Teerthanker Mahaveer University, Moradabad

Abstract: This paper will take a brief look into the Stochastic modeling of queuing theory along with examples of the models and applications of their use. The goal of the paper is to provide the reader with enough background in order to properly model a basic queuing system into one of the categories we will look at, when possible.

[Navneet Rohela, Sachin Kumar Agrawal, Mayank Pawar. Queueing Theory in Practice. Academia Arena 2013;5(3):49-50] (ISSN 1553-992X). http://www.sciencepub.net/academia. 7. doi:10.7537/marsaaj050313.07

Keywords: Stochastic Process, Exponential Distribution, Poisson Process.

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欧核中心既发现上帝粒子又发现超对称 --- 非线性希格斯粒子数学讨论（12）

王用道

Recommended by 王德奎, y-tx@163.com and Zhang Dongsheng, zds@outlook.com

摘要：粒子物理迎来革命时刻，但21世纪的今天，欧核中心发现了希格斯粒子和超对称，却不敢承认它，或许在相当长一段时间内也不敢承认它，为什么？

[王用道. 欧核中心既发现上帝粒子又发现超对称 --- 非线性希格斯粒子数学讨论（12）. Academia Arena 2013;5(3):51-64] (ISSN 1553-992X). http://www.sciencepub.net/academia. 8. doi:10.7537/marsaaj050313.08

关键词：电子 量子数 希格斯场 大量子弦论.

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Bacteriological quality of street-vended Ready-to-eat fresh salad vegetables sold in Port Harcourt Metropolis, Nigeria

Odu Ngozi Nma and Okomuda Mary Oruese

Department of Microbiology, University of Port Harcourt, P.M.B. 5323, Choba, East-West Road, Port Harcourt, Nigeria

ngozi.odu@uniport.edu.ng

ABSTRACT: Vegetables promote good health but harbor a wide range of microbial contaminants. To assess the microbial quality of street-vended ready-to-eat fresh vegetables, fourteen samples of cabbage and lettuce vegetable were purchased from different markets. Samples of salad vegetables were analyzed using standard bacteriological methods. The bacteria loads as reflected by the total aerobic count ranged from 3.1 x 10⁵ to 7.8 x 10⁵CFU/g for cabbage and 3.1 x 10⁵ to 6.9 x 10⁵ CFU/g for lettuce. The total coliform counts ranged from 3.4 x 10⁵ to 5.6 x 10⁵ CFU/g for cabbage and 3.4 x 10⁵ to 4.0 x 10⁵ CFU/g for lettuce. The total Salmonella-Shigella counts ranged from no significant growth (0.0 x 10⁵) to 3.6 x 10⁵ CFU/g for cabbage and no significant growth (0.0 x 10⁵) to 3.4 x 10⁵ CFU/g for lettuce. A total number of twelve genera of bacteria were isolated and identified as Staphylococcus (7.6%), Proteus spp. (5.1%), Bacillus spp. (3.4%), Shigella spp. (2.5%), Micrococcus spp. (1.7%), Pseudomonas spp. (7.6%), Enterobacter spp. (1.7%), Serratia spp. (1.7%), Citrobacter spp. (2.5%) Klebsiella spp. (6.8%), Salmonella spp. (13.6%) and Escherichia coli (45.8%). This showed that Escherichia coli (45.8%) were most predominant, followed by Salmonella spp. (13.6%) while Micrococcus spp. (1.7%), Enterobacter spp. (1.7%) and Serratia spp. (1.7%) were least predominant. Since the vegetables are ready-to-eat and will not be subjected to heat treatment, it could be a source of food poisoning to consumers. However, regular inspections of food premises and education of food vendors has been recognised as one of the measures to ensure improvement of the quality of street foods. Thus, government should placed emphasis on educating vendors on simple preventive steps of keeping food hygienically safe.

[Odu Ngozi Nma and Okomuda Mary Oruese. Bacteriological quality of street-vended Ready-to-eat fresh salad vegetables sold in Port Harcourt Metropolis, Nigeria. Academia Arena, 2013,5(3):65-75] (ISSN: 1553-9865) http://www.sciencepub.net/academia. 9. doi:10.7537/marsaaj050313.09

Keywords: Fresh vegetables, Salads, Ready-to-eat, Street-vended, Pathogens, Public health

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