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从分子到夸克看量子色动几何

田霞龙等 摘编

y-tx@163.com

Abstract: 根据高能电子-核子深度非弹性散射实验，电子对核子的深度非弹性散射所描述的高能碰撞现象的强子结构模型显示，在核子内部电荷的分布，不是连续分布而是集中在一些点上。从电荷结构来看，核子内部存在一些带电的点粒子。1969年费曼提出部分子模型，认为强子是由许多带电的点粒子构成，这些点粒子称为部分子，在高能电磁相互作用和弱相互作用过程中，可以近似作为相互独立的粒子。质子内部存在大量的软夸克和软胶子。这也许是变革分子、原子后，仍然是分子、原子，是属于化学能、电能、核能、机械能的。只有在变革质子、电子后，仍然属于质子、电子，也许才应归属“量子色动能”。

[田霞龙. 从分子到夸克看量子色动几何. Academia Arena 2011;3(1):1-5]. (ISSN 1553-992X). http://www.sciencepub.net.

doi:10.7537/marsaaj030111.01

Keywords: 分子; 夸克; 量子; 色动; 几何

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In Vitro Production Of Callus From Zygophyllum Coccineum L.

Eman, A. Alam

Botany Department, National Research Centre, Dokki, Giza, Egypt

Corresponding author: Eman200980@hotmail.com

Abstract: Tissue culture technique was used to produce callus from the wild economic plant (Zygophyllum coccineum L.). MS medium supplemented with 2 mg/l 2, 4-D was the most suitable medium for callus induction using stem segments explants after 4 weeks. MS medium supplemented with 3 mg/l 2, 4-D was the most suitable medium for growth of this callus after 4 weeks.

[Eman, A. Alam. In Vitro Production Of Callus From Zygophyllum Coccineum L. Academia Arena 2011;3(1):6-9]. (ISSN 1553-992X). http://www.sciencepub.net.

doi:10.7537/marsaaj030111.02

Keywords: Tissue culture; callus; Zygophyllum coccineum L.; MS medium; stem segment; explant

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在运动学概念下的时空关系

杨发成

新疆 克拉玛依市 瑞达中心 834000

e-mail: yangfacheng2006@163.com, yangfacheng6467@sohu.com

摘要: 在本文中，作者根据运动学原理，充分运用点光源发光形成的球形包络面观点，结合毕达哥拉斯定理提出了一个数学模型，这样一模型能给出清晰的时空关系。作者在此基础上，从客观实际出发，分析了相对于光源不同方向运动的参考系，推证出一系列数学表达式，从而使公式计算结果符合了客观现实的运动规律。在特殊相对论理论中涉及到的“时钟膨胀”问题，那是指在同一地点的不同时刻分别发生的两次事件，在不同的参考系中观察者得出不同的时间间隔，相对于事件发生地点运动的参考系中观察者，接收到两次信号的时间间隔总是大比事件发生参考系中的时间间隔，通常称著爱因斯坦时钟膨胀。本文作者认真思考后并推证得到，时间间隔并不是只限于膨胀，它还存在收缩。

[杨发成. 在运动学概念下的时空关系. Academia Arena 2011;3(1):10-17]. (ISSN 1553-992X). http://www.sciencepub.net.

doi:10.7537/marsaaj030111.03

关键词：脉冲；球形包络面；瞬间时空；扩散时间；时间间隔；间隔膨胀；间隔收缩

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Morphological, phytochemical and biological screening on three Egyptian species of Fagonia

Eman, A. Alam

Botany Department, National Research Centre, Dokki, Giza, Egypt

Abstract: Selection of the genus Fagonia (zygophyllaceae) attracted the attention of many scientists due to the presence of many active constituents of pharmaceutical importance. Vegetative and reproductive organs of three species of Fagonia growing wild in Egypt (Fagonia arabica L. var. viscidissima Maire, Fagonia bruguieri Dc. and Fagonia indica Burm f var. indica) were described in this study. There were many morphological differences in vegetative organs of the three species; such as length, surface and color of the plant, stem (length of internodes) and leaves (length of petioles, length of stipules, leaf lamina, shape of leaflets lamina, leaflets size, leaflets apex). There were also many morphological differences in reproductive organs of these species; such as flowers (size, length of pedicel), sepals (shape, size, duration, aestivation, surface), petals (shape, size, duration, color, aestivation), gynaecium (length of styles), fruits (color, size, persistence of calyx on the fruit) and seeds (shape). Preliminary phytochemical screening on shoot systems of Fagonia arabica L. var. viscidissima Maire., Fagonia bruguieri Dc. and Fagonia indica Burm f var. indica revealed the presence of many differences in the presence / absence character and amounts of carbohydrates and/or glycosides, saponins, tannins, sterols and/or triterpenoids, alkaloids, cardiac glycosides, flavonoids, chlorides, sulphates, irodoids, cyanogenic glycosides and coumarins in different parts of shoot systems of plants under investigation. Powdered samples of shoot systems of the studied species of Fagonia were investigated for their antioxidant activity. Antioxidant activity exerted by F. bruguieri (double integration area = 1.419 e + 06" = 14.19 e + 05") superior that of the other two species" F. arabica and F. indica" (double integration area = 9.691 e + 05 and 9.013 e + 05 respectively).

[Eman, A. Alam. Morphological, phytochemical and biological screening on three Egyptian species of Fagonia. Academia Arena 2011;3(1):18-27]. (ISSN 1553-992X). http://www.sciencepub.net.

doi:10.7537/marsaaj030111.04

Key words: Fagonia, morphology, phytochemical screening, antioxidant activity, ESR instrument

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《自然科学原理总结》

之主要的11个结论

【1】物理学定律存在三大纠纷

曾清平 教授

空军雷达学院 二系

【摘要】自然科学研究，造福了人类，给世界带来了文明和进步。两千多年的自然科学发展史上，记录着先辈科学家们的丰碑伟绩，他们为人类文明做出了卓越贡献。遗憾的是至今在自然科学领域里还遗留着“三大纠纷”，这就是光速纠纷、电磁感应纠纷和时空纠纷。虽然三大纠纷有时激烈，有时淡漠，但百年来，人们无不关注着纠纷问题，无不关注着纠纷问题早日得到解决，期盼着自然科学沿着正确路线揭示更深层次的自然界奥秘。本文指出上述三大纠纷。

[曾清平. 自然科学原理总结. Academia Arena, 2011;3(1):28-111] (ISSN 1553-992X).

doi:10.7537/marsaaj030111.05

【关键词】光速，电磁感应，时空观

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宇宙微波背景辐射圆环结构印证我国研究

科孝文

y-tx@163.com; zhangds12@hotmail.com

Abstract: 宇宙的起源是一个复杂性问题，上世纪80年代初在解释暴胀起伏模型和宇宙弦模型的矛盾时，三旋理论用环量子模型而不用球量子模型为此提供了新的思路。三旋大爆炸宇宙的分维分析，能形象地对宇宙膨胀作出说明。

[科孝文. 宇宙微波背景辐射圆环结构印证我国研究. Academia Arena, 2011;3(1):112-114] (ISSN 1553-992X). http://www.sciencepub.net.

doi:10.7537/marsaaj030111.06

Keywords: 宇宙; 暴胀起伏模型; 宇宙弦模型; 三旋理论; 大爆炸宇宙

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Antimycotic effects of aqueous and ethanol plant extracts on yam rot pathogens in Ado-Ekiti, Nigeria.

Ijato James Yeni

Department of Plant Science, Faculty of Science, University of Ado-Ekiti, P. M. B 5363, EkitiState, Nigeria. E-mail: jamesyeni@yahoo.com; GSM: 08067335124

Abstract: The metabolism of secondary plants compounds proves to be important to the plant that synthesizes them. One of the functions is to provide protection against the pathogenic attack. This work aims at studying the effect of different plant extracts on the post harvest phytopathogenic fungi. Aspergillus niger, Fusarium oxysporum, Fusarium solani, Rhizopus stolonifer, Botryodiplodia theobromae and Aspergillus flavus that causes deterioration of tubers of yam in Ado-Ekiti, Nigeria. One gram of ethanol and water extract of different plants. Allium sativum, Zingiber officinale, Ocimum gratissimum and Nicotiana tobacum of 5 milliliters of each of 25 and 15% ethanol as well as 85 and 65% aqueous extract. After adding the extract, the PDA (Potato dextrose agar) was flowed in Petri dishes. After that, disc of 3mm diameter of each of the isolate was placed in the centre of the same one. The radial growth of the fungi was evaluated after 72 hrs. Each treatment had four replications. The highest inhibitions of 64.31 and 52.22% were recorded with Allium sativum against the isolates using 85 and 65% aqueous extract respectively and as well as in 25% ethanol extract of 50.93% inhibition. Allium sativum was the best in its fungitoxic effect against the isolates. Though all the extracts; aqueous and ethanol had inhibitory effect on the rot causing organisms of yam tubers. The possibilities that these plants can serve as sources of alternatives to chemical control of yam rot is quite obvious.

[Ijato James Yeni. Antimycotic effects of aqueous and ethanol plant extracts on yam rot pathogens in Ado-Ekiti, Nigeria. Academia Arena, 2011;3(1):115-119] (ISSN 1553-992X). http://www.sciencepub.net.

doi:10.7537/marsaaj030111.07

Key words – Plant extracts, yam rot, stored yam, rot pathogens

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